Cephalopod embryonic shells as a tool to reconstruct reproductive strategies in extinct taxa

Laptikhovsky, Vladimir; Nikolaeva, Svetlana; Rogov, Mikhail

doi:10.1111/brv.12341

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…3 ). Laptikhovsky, Nikolaeva & Rogov (2017) also concluded that the evolution of reproductive strategies in cephalopods in the geological past was marked by an increasing abundance of small-egged taxa, which agrees with the findings in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Geological duration of ammonoids controlled their geographical range of fossil distribution

Wani

2017

PeerJ

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The latitudinal distributions in Devonian–Cretaceous ammonoids were analyzed at the genus level, and were compared with the hatchling sizes (i.e., ammonitella diameters) and the geological durations. The results show that (1) length of temporal ranges of ammonoids effected broader ranges of fossil distribution and paleobiogeography of ammonoids, and (2) the hatchling size was not related to the geographical range of fossil distribution of ammonoids. Reducing the influence of geological duration in this analysis implies that hatchling size was one of the controlling factors that determined the distribution of ammonoid habitats at any given period in time: ammonoids with smaller hatchling sizes tended to have broader ammonoid habitat ranges. These relationships were somewhat blurred in the Devonian, Carboniferous, Triassic, and Jurassic, which is possibly due to (1) the course of development of a reproductive strategy with smaller hatchling sizes in the Devonian and (2) the high origination rates after the mass extinction events.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Geological duration of ammonoids controlled their geographical range of fossil distribution

Wani

2017

PeerJ

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“…S4). While a relationship between initial egg size and hatchling DML has been described (Laptikhovsky et al 2018), as well as negative correlations with egg density (removed eggs in petri dishes; Villanueva et al 2011), a positive correlation between number of eggs and DML or YV has not been reported for multi-egg per egg capsule squids to our knowledge.…”

Section: A Note On Egg Numbermentioning

confidence: 87%

Dose-dependence and small-scale variability in responses to ocean acidification during squid, Doryteuthis pealeii, development

2019

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Coastal squids lay their eggs on the benthos, leaving them to develop in a dynamic system that is undergoing rapid acidification due to human influence. Prior studies have broadly investigated the impacts of ocean acidification on embryonic squid, but have not addressed the thresholds at which these responses occur or their potential variability. We raised squid, Doryteuthis pealeii (captured in Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts, USA: 41° 23.370N 70° 46.418´W), eggs in three trials across the breeding season (May-September, 2013) in a total of six chronic pCO 2 exposures (400, 550, 850, 1300, 1900, and 2200 ppm). Hatchlings were counted and subsampled for mantle length, yolk volume, hatching time, hatching success, and statolith morphology. New methods for analysis of statolith shape, rugosity, and surface degradation were developed and are presented (with code). Responses to acidification (e.g., reduced mantle lengths, delayed hatching, and smaller, more degraded statoliths) were evident at ~ 1300 ppm CO 2. However, patterns of physiological response and energy management, based on comparisons of yolk consumption and growth, varied among trials. Interactions between pCO 2 and hatching day indicated a potential influence of exposure time on responses, while interactions with culture vessel highlighted the substantive natural variability within a clutch of eggs. While this study is consistent with, and expands upon, previous findings of sensitivity of the early life stages to acidification, it also highlights the plasticity and potential for resilience in this population of squid.

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“…Cephalopods generally occupy the same set of ecological niches as teleost fishes, interacting with them as predators, prey, and competitors throughout evolutionary history (Packard 1972; Tanner et al 2017). This led to a kind of “parallel evolution” from heavily armored ancestors with an external shell/skeleton and large eggs to modern fast-swimming teleosts and coleoids with internal skeleton/shell only and a range of reproductive strategies based on small to medium-sized eggs (Laptikhovsky et al 2017). However, the cephalopod Bauplan , that of a mollusk rather than a vertebrate, provided them with a very different set of morphological possibilities to solve particular evolutionary and ecological problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of reproductive strategies in coleoid mollusks

Fuchs¹,

Laptikhovsky²,

Nikolaeva

et al. 2020

Paleobiology

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Coleoid cephalopods exhibited two distinct reproductive strategies, resulting in small pelagic and large demersal hatchlings, both in the geologic past and recently. In ectocochleate cephalopods, the hatching event is recorded in shell structures (e.g., nepionic constrictions, ultrastructural shifts, or ornamentation differences). In contrast, well-defined hatching markers do not exist on coleoid shells. Changes in septal spacing may be evidence of hatching (e.g., some extant sepiids), but not in all fossil groups. In the present study, we subdivide the early ontogenetic shells of phragmocone-bearing coleoids (belemnoids, spirulids, and sepiids) into key architectural stages and describe their reference to the hatching event. Belemnoids exhibit three key stages, the second of which is here considered to occur shortly before or after hatching. In spirulids and sepiids, there is only one key stage. In Mesozoic belemnoids, spirulids, and sepiids, hatching accordingly occurred with a total shell length of less than 2 mm, which corresponds to mantle lengths of small planktonic hatchlings. Production of small pelagic hatchlings and thus small eggs was therefore the dominant reproductive strategy within the Coleoidea. The first evidence of enlarged hatchlings appeared during the Maastrichtian in Groenlandibelus. During the Eocene, the large-egg strategy apparently became more widespread, particularly in belosaepiids.

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Cephalopod embryonic shells as a tool to reconstruct reproductive strategies in extinct taxa

Cited by 18 publications

References 95 publications

Geological duration of ammonoids controlled their geographical range of fossil distribution

Geological duration of ammonoids controlled their geographical range of fossil distribution

Dose-dependence and small-scale variability in responses to ocean acidification during squid, Doryteuthis pealeii, development

Evolution of reproductive strategies in coleoid mollusks

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