Cephalopod Experimental Projected Habitat (CEPH): Virtual Reality for Underwater Organisms

Josef, Noam

doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00073

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The greater the difference in distance of the object and background, and thus the greater the disparity in speed of visual motion, the better honeybees are able to detect the raised object (Srinivasan et al, 1990 ). When faced with a camouflaged raised platform, honeybees tend to land on its edges while facing inwards, consistent with motion discontinuities being a salient perceptual feature (Lehrer and Srinivasan, 1993 ; Josef, 2018 ). In the converse case of a camouflaged hole though which a more distant surface is visible, honeybees approach the center of the hole, avoiding the edges (Baird et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Dominant Role of Visual Motion Cues in Bumblebee Flight Control Revealed Through Virtual Reality

2018

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Flying bees make extensive use of optic flow: the apparent motion in the visual scene generated by their own movement. Much of what is known about bees' visually-guided flight comes from experiments employing real physical objects, which constrains the types of cues that can be presented. Here we implement a virtual reality system allowing us to create the visual illusion of objects in 3D space. We trained bumblebees, Bombus ignitus, to feed from a static target displayed on the floor of a flight arena, and then observed their responses to various interposing virtual objects. When a virtual floor was presented above the physical floor, bees were reluctant to descend through it, indicating that they perceived the virtual floor as a real surface. To reach a target at ground level, they flew through a hole in a virtual surface above the ground, and around an elevated virtual platform, despite receiving no reward for avoiding the virtual obstacles. These behaviors persisted even when the target was made (unrealistically) visible through the obstructing object. Finally, we challenged the bees with physically impossible ambiguous stimuli, which give conflicting motion and occlusion cues. In such cases, they behaved in accordance with the motion information, seemingly ignoring occlusion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Dominant Role of Visual Motion Cues in Bumblebee Flight Control Revealed Through Virtual Reality

2018

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“…Consequently, it will be interesting to examine whether cephalopods living in the deep sea, where light is greatly reduced, exhibit alternative strategies to their shallow water relatives. Meanwhile, the development of the cephalopod experimental projected habitat (CEPH) which projects a virtual habitat onto a fibreglass tank could help replicate the cephalopod's natural environment in situations where field studies are restrictive (Josef, 2018). Additionally, as mentioned above, several aspects of cephalopod anti-predator behaviour remain poorly explored.…”

Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of predator avoidance in cephalopods: A case of brain over brawn?

et al. 2022

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Predation is a major evolutionary driver of animal adaptation. However, understanding of anti-predator evolution is biased toward vertebrate taxa. Cephalopoda, a class in the invertebrate phylum Mollusca, are known for their diverse anti-predator strategies, characterised by their behavioural flexibility. While ancestral cephalopods were protected by a hard outer shell, extant cephalopods have greatly reduced their reliance on physical defences. Instead, cephalopods have evolved highly developed senses to identify potential threats, cryptic skin patterns to avoid detection, startle responses to deter attack, and elaborate means of escape. While cephalopod anti-predator repertoires are relatively well described, their evolution, and the selective pressures that shaped them, have received much less attention. This is despite their potential relevance, in turn, to elucidate evolution of the remarkable cognitive abilities of cephalopods. Here, we review cephalopod anti-predator evolution, considering four key aspects: (i) shell reduction and loss; (ii) the skin patterning system; (iii) the ecological context accompanying the evolution of advanced cognit.ive abilities; (iv) why the evolutionary trajectory taken by cephalopods is so unique among invertebrates. In doing so, we consider the unique physiology of cephalopods and discuss how this may have constrained or aided the development of their anti-predator repertoire. In particular, cephalopods are poorly equipped to defend themselves physically and escape predation by fish, due to a lack of comparable weaponry or musculature. We argue that this may have selected for alternative forms of defence, driving an evolutionary trajectory favouring crypsis and complex behaviours, and the promotion of sensory and cognitive adaptations. Unravelling the complexities of cephalopod anti-predator evolution remains challenging. However, recent technological developments available for cephalopod field and laboratory studies, coupled with new genomic data and analysis approaches, offer great scope to generate novel insights.

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Scientometric Analysis of Ecotoxicological Investigations of Xenobiotics in Aquatic Animals

Naidu

Sahana

Hoque

et al. 2023

Xenobiotics in Aquatic Animals

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Cephalopod Experimental Projected Habitat (CEPH): Virtual Reality for Underwater Organisms

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

The Dominant Role of Visual Motion Cues in Bumblebee Flight Control Revealed Through Virtual Reality

The Dominant Role of Visual Motion Cues in Bumblebee Flight Control Revealed Through Virtual Reality

The evolution of predator avoidance in cephalopods: A case of brain over brawn?

Scientometric Analysis of Ecotoxicological Investigations of Xenobiotics in Aquatic Animals

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