Cephalopod fauna of the Pacific Southern Ocean using Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) as biological samplers and fisheries bycatch specimens

Queirós, José P.; Ramos, Jaime A.; Cherel, Yves; Franzitta, Marco; Duarte, Bernardo; Rosa, Rui; Monteiro, Filipa; Figueiredo, Andreia; Strugnell, Jan M.; Fukuda, Yuki; Stevens, Darren W.; Xavier, José C.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2021.103571

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Genetic analysis plays an important role in the study of cephalopod systematics and evolution (Boyle and Rodhouse, 2005;Strugnell et al, 2011;Allcock et al, 2015;Bolstad et al, 2018). It has also been used to identify cephalopod flesh found in the stomachs of predators as well to study the role of cephalopods as predators (Deagle et al, 2005;Braley et al, 2010;Hoving et al, 2014;Olmos-Pérez et al, 2017;Fernández-Álvarez et al, 2018;Queirós et al, 2021b). These previous studies used the flesh, both muscle and buccal mass, of individuals from collections, or that were captured or washed up on the shore (Bolstad et al, 2018;Queirós et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Dna Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clarke and colleagues also developed the currently used terminology for different parts of the upper and lower beaks (Clarke, 1986) (Figure 1). Such initial efforts helped many other colleagues to develop beak identification guides (Imber, 1978;Pérez-Gándaras, 1983;Wolff, 1984;Kubodera and Furuhashi, 1987;Lu and Ickeringill, 2002;Xavier and Cherel, 2021;Pedà et al, 2022) and supported studies to understand the importance of cephalopods in the diet of different predator taxa (Clarke, 1996;Croxall and Prince, 1996;Klages, 1996;Smale, 1996;Cherel and Klages, 1998;Ménard et al, 2013;Abreu et al, 2019;Romanov et al, 2020;Queirós et al, 2021b;Cherel, 2021;Guímaro et al, 2021). This is particularly important as much information cannot be obtained by other means (e.g., scientific nets are too slow to catch faster cephalopods and catch far fewer species and narrower range of sampled sizes) (Clarke, 1977;Santos et al, 2001;Staudinger et al, 2013;Hoving et al, 2014;Cherel, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

Xavier

Golikov²,

Queirós³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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The use of cephalopod beaks in ecological and population dynamics studies has allowed major advances of our knowledge on the role of cephalopods in marine ecosystems in the last 60 years. Since the 1960’s, with the pioneering research by Malcolm Clarke and colleagues, cephalopod beaks (also named jaws or mandibles) have been described to species level and their measurements have been shown to be related to cephalopod body size and mass, which permitted important information to be obtained on numerous biological and ecological aspects of cephalopods in marine ecosystems. In the last decade, a range of new techniques has been applied to cephalopod beaks, permitting new kinds of insight into cephalopod biology and ecology. The workshop on cephalopod beaks of the Cephalopod International Advisory Council Conference (Sesimbra, Portugal) in 2022 aimed to review the most recent scientific developments in this field and to identify future challenges, particularly in relation to taxonomy, age, growth, chemical composition (i.e., DNA, proteomics, stable isotopes, trace elements) and physical (i.e., structural) analyses. In terms of taxonomy, new techniques (e.g., 3D geometric morphometrics) for identifying cephalopods from their beaks are being developed with promising results, although the need for experts and reference collections of cephalopod beaks will continue. The use of beak microstructure for age and growth studies has been validated. Stable isotope analyses on beaks have proven to be an excellent technique to get valuable information on the ecology of cephalopods (namely habitat and trophic position). Trace element analyses is also possible using beaks, where concentrations are significantly lower than in other tissues (e.g., muscle, digestive gland, gills). Extracting DNA from beaks was only possible in one study so far. Protein analyses can also be made using cephalopod beaks. Future challenges in research using cephalopod beaks are also discussed.

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Section: Dna Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

Xavier

Golikov²,

Queirós³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…This adaptation would allow TOA to avoid predators and generate changes in accessibility to different prey items. Some prey, such as Cephalopoda and Channichthyidae, have benthic-pelagic habits [ 45 , 53 ], thus being important for juveniles. On the other hand, prey such as Macrouridae are abundant in deep waters [ 40 ], becoming more important for TOA adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophodynamics of the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) in the Antarctic Peninsula: Ontogenetic changes in diet composition and prey fatty acid profiles

Pérez-Pezoa,

Cárdenas,

González-Aravena

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) is the largest notothenioid species in the Southern Ocean, playing a keystone role in the trophic web as a food source for marine mammals and a top predator in deep-sea ecosystems. Most ecological knowledge on this species relies on samples from areas where direct fishing is allowed, whereas in areas closed to fishing, such as the Antarctic Peninsula (AP), there are still key ecological gaps to ensure effective conservation, especially regarding our understanding of its trophic relationships within the ecosystem. Here, we present the first comprehensive study of the feeding behavior of Antarctic toothfish caught in the northern tip of the AP, during two consecutive fishing seasons (2019/20 and 2020/21). Stomach content was analyzed according to size-classes, sex and season. Macroscopic morphological analysis was used to identify prey, whereas DNA analysis was used in highly digested prey items. Fatty acid analysis was conducted to determine the prey’s nutritional composition. The diet mainly consisted of Macrouridae, Cephalopoda, Anotopteridae, and Channichthyidae. Other prey items found were crustaceans and penguin remains; however, these were rare in terms of their presence in stomach samples. Sex had no effect on diet, whereas size-class and fishing season influenced prey composition. From 27 fatty acid profiles identified, we observed two different prey groups of fishes (integrated by families Anotopteridae, Macrouridae and Channichthyidae) and cephalopods. Our results revealed a narrow range of prey items typical of a generalist predator, which probably consumes the most abundant prey. Understanding the diet and trophic relationships of Antarctic toothfish is critical for a better comprehension of its role in the benthic-demersal ecosystem of the AP, key for ecosystemic fisheries management, and relevant for understanding and predicting the effect of climate change on this species.

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“…The GAB squids with high d 15 N values were at the second highest trophic level, just below the colossal squid Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni from the Southern Ocean. Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni is the heaviest known invertebrate (Rosa et al, 2017) and is thought to consume Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni, Remeslo et al, 2015), which, in turn, are high-trophic-level predators of mid-to largesized cephalopods and fishes (Queiroś et al, 2021). Additionally, the similarities between the GAB squid FAs and FA profiles from other large, actively predatory squid species including giant squid Architeuthis dux, Antarctic flying squid Todarodes filippovae, flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii, whiplash squid Idioteuthis cordiformis, and arrow squid Nototodarus gouldi suggest roles as active pelagic predators.…”

Section: Trophic Role and Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards unlocking the trophic roles of rarely encountered squid: Opportunistic samples of Taningia danae and a Chiroteuthis aff. veranii reveal that the Southern Ocean top predators are nutrient links connecting deep-sea and shelf-slope environments

Jackel,

Baring,

Doane

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Deep-sea squids are presumably vital components of largely undescribed marine ecosystems, yet limited access to specimens has hampered efforts to detail their ecological roles as predators and preys. Biochemical techniques such as stable isotope analyses, fatty acid analyses, and bomb calorimetry are increasingly recognized for their ability to infer trophic ecology and dietary information from small quantities of tissue. This study used five opportunistically collected Taningia danae specimens and one Chiroteuthis aff. veranii specimen retrieved from the Great Australian Bight, South Australia, to detail the trophic ecology of these poorly understood squids. Four body tissue types (i.e., arm, buccal mass, mantle, and digestive gland) were assessed for their utility in stable isotope (SI) and fatty acid (FA) analyses, and we found that the arm, buccal mass, and mantle tissues had similar SI and FA profiles, suggesting that they can be used interchangeably when the entire specimen is unavailable. δ13C, δ15N, and fatty acid data suggests that the T. danae and C. aff. veranii specimens lived in the Southern Ocean and were high-trophic-level predators, feeding on deep-sea fishes and small squids, while also taking advantage of the summer upwelling region of the Great Australian Bight. The fatty acid analysis and bomb calorimetry results indicate that these squids might be important reservoirs of essential FAs (EPA and DHA) for Southern Ocean predators and that the whole-body energy content of T. danae individuals can reach up to 362,250 kJ. Our findings indicate that these squids may be contributing greatly to the transport of nutrients and energy between the Southern Ocean deep-sea and the Great Australian Bight shelf–slope environments. In addition to building our understanding of the trophic ecology of two poorly understood deep-sea squids, these findings also highlight the utility of partial specimens and demonstrate the important ecological information that can be obtained from few samples that may be opportunistically collected.

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Cephalopod fauna of the Pacific Southern Ocean using Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) as biological samplers and fisheries bycatch specimens

Cited by 13 publications

References 90 publications

The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

The significance of cephalopod beaks as a research tool: An update

Trophodynamics of the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) in the Antarctic Peninsula: Ontogenetic changes in diet composition and prey fatty acid profiles

Towards unlocking the trophic roles of rarely encountered squid: Opportunistic samples of Taningia danae and a Chiroteuthis aff. veranii reveal that the Southern Ocean top predators are nutrient links connecting deep-sea and shelf-slope environments

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