Cephalothin Hypersensitivity Associated with Anti-Cephalothin Antibodies

Abraham, George N.; Petz, Lawrence D.; Fudenberg, H. Hugh

doi:10.1159/000230095

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Initial studies on cephalosporin induced allergy were hampered because early cephalosporins contained penicillin contaminants [52]. However, cases of cephalosporin allergy with no penicillin involvement have been reported [31,[53][54][55]. Regarding specificity, early experimental studies concluded that the C-7 side chains of cephalosporins play a major role in determining the specificity of antibodies [18,19,56 59].…”

Section: Cephalosporinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These three antibiotics have very similar side chain, thiophene for the cephalosporins and phenyl for benzyl penicillin, and would be expected to crossreact if side chain responses were involved. Many other cephalosporins have different side chains to benzyl penicillins and studies using rabbit antibodies raised against cephalosporins of this type and direct challenge studies in cephalosporin [31] and penicillin allergies [62] have shown that crossreacting is not common. The latter study was particularly significant since 0/27 confirmed penicillin allergies (skin-test positive) responded when given cephallosporins.…”

Section: 'Unique* Specificities and Crossreactions Between Betalactammentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

New aspects of allergic reactions to betalactams: crossreactions and unique specificities

Blanca

Vega

Garcı́a

et al. 1994

Clin Experimental Allergy

115

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Section: Cephalosporinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 'Unique* Specificities and Crossreactions Between Betalactammentioning

confidence: 99%

New aspects of allergic reactions to betalactams: crossreactions and unique specificities

Blanca

Vega

Garcı́a

et al. 1994

Clin Experimental Allergy

115

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“…Similar antibodies were also demonstrated by Girard [12] in 13 out of 36 patients sen sitive to penicillin. In contrast, Abraham et al [1] reported a strongly positive skin re action to intradermally injected cephalothin preparation, but not to a PcG preparation in a patient who had a history of severe cuta neous reactions to cephalothin. Several clin ical investigators found that cephalothin may be given to some individuals with a his tory of PcG allergy without any untoward effects [10,32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

IgE Antibodies Produced in Mice Instrumental in Analyses of Antigenicity of Cephalothin Preparation

Muranaka¹,

Tadokoro²,

Hirai³

et al. 1980

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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IgE antibodies to a cephalothin preparation were produced in mice which had been immunized with cephalothin-Ascaris extract conjugate mixed with Al(OH)₃ gel plus Bordetella pertussis. Mice which had been irradiated just before receiving the booster injection with the conjugate showed higher IgE antibody levels against the preparation in comparison with unirradiated mice. The specificities of IgE antibodies against the preparation were examined with an inhibition test of passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) reaction. The intensity of the PCA reaction evoked by the cephalothin preparation in the rats was substantially or partially reduced by a pretreatment of the animals with an injection of a cephalothin preparation from another source or a cephaloridine preparation. Meanwhile, a prior injection of a cefazolin, a 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, a benzylpenicillin (PcG) preparation, or an aminobenzylpenicillin preparation into the animals showed only weak or no influence on the PCA reaction. These results suggest that the acyl side chain of cephalothin plays an important role as eliciting antigenic determinant in the PCA reaction. The difference in the antigenic specificity between the cephalothin and PcG preparation is also discussed.

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“…We have no answer to this question. However, it has been demon strated that IgE and IgG antibodies against benzylpenicilloyl (BPO) determinants in some penicillin de rivatives or against the acyl side chain (Rl) of some cephalosporine derivatives were produced in human cases [33][34][35]. There is no clear explanation for the mechanism of anti-BPO or anti-acyl side chain anti body formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Drug-Induced Allergic Nephritis Mediated by Antihapten Antibody

Joh¹,

Shibasaki²,

Azuma³

et al. 1989

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Experimental drug-induced allergic nephritis (DIAN) was mediated by an antihapten antibody. It has been postulated that DIAN is induced by cellular and humoral mechanisms. We tried to induce DIAN in mice, where the mechanism depends on humoral immunity. The first attempt was made in mice actively producing antibodies against cephem antibiotics, i.e. cephalothin (CET). Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), morphologically similar to human disease, was obtained by injection of a CET-protein conjugate into the renal cortex in mice producing anti-CET-IgE and IgG antibodies. AIN could also be induced when normal mice, passively given anti-CET IgG antibody, received a subsequent intrarenal challenge with CET-protein conjugate. These preliminary results indicate that IgG antibody has an important role in the genesis of DIAN. Further experiments were performed with monoclonal antibodies directed against haptens instead of antibiotics in order to clarify the Ig isotype concerned. In mice passively given anti-Dansyl-IgG2a or anti-NP-IgG2a monoclonal antibodies, a challenge with an appropriate hapten-protein conjugate into the renal cortex resulted in AIN. However, transfer of anti-Dansyl-IgE or anti-DNP-IgE monoclonal antibodies, followed by challenge, did not induce AIN. In the experimental systems described, the involvement of a cellular immune mechanism is excluded. The results suggest that IgG, but not IgE antibody, is essential for the induction of DIAN by humoral immune mechanism.

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Cephalothin Hypersensitivity Associated with Anti-Cephalothin Antibodies

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

New aspects of allergic reactions to betalactams: crossreactions and unique specificities

New aspects of allergic reactions to betalactams: crossreactions and unique specificities

IgE Antibodies Produced in Mice Instrumental in Analyses of Antigenicity of Cephalothin Preparation

Experimental Drug-Induced Allergic Nephritis Mediated by Antihapten Antibody

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