Ceramic Materials for Advanced Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Holtappels, Peter; Vogt, Ulrich; Graule, Thomas

doi:10.1002/adem.200500084

Cited by 65 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A spray-pyrolysis device with a capacity of up to 3 kg powders per day was established for powder synthesis [11]. The set-up consists of an electrically heated furnace with a stainless-steel vessel equipped with a spraying nozzle in the center of the top cover.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

B-site substituted lanthanum strontium ferrites as electrode materials for electrochemical applications

Vogt

Sfeir

Richter

et al. 2008

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Abstract:For electrochemical systems such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) or solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOECs), perovskites are widely used as cathode material for the reduction of molecular oxygen. At present, strontium-substituted lanthanum manganite, La 1-x Sr x MnO 3-δ (LSM), is used as standard SOFC cathode material for operation at high temperatures, whereas strontium-substituted lanthanum ferrite (LSF) is alternatively explored for medium-temperature SOFCs. Moreover, LSF is considered to be a potential candidate for oxygen separation membranes as the material reported interesting electrical properties. The design of new perovskite-type La transition-metal oxides is of significant technological importance in order to reduce the operating temperature to 600-800 °C and thus to reduce the SOFC system cost.For investigations on a new material class, (La 1-x Sr x ) y Fe 1-z (Ni,Cu) z O 3-δ was synthesized by a spray-pyrolysis process and modified on the A-site in both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric configurations and on the B-site by substituting Fe with Ni and Cu.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

B-site substituted lanthanum strontium ferrites as electrode materials for electrochemical applications

Vogt

Sfeir

Richter

et al. 2008

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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“…performance. This problem can be resolved by increasing the Mn concentration and keeping fabrication temperature <1300 °C [10,12,42,[45][46][47][48][49][50]. LSM has negligible oxygen ion conductivity at 900 °C with high electronic conductivity.…”

Section: Cathodementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison, La 6.4 Sr 1.6 Cu 8 O 20˘8 gives very good electrical conductivity but it reacts with YSZ at temperatures above 600˝C [58]. More information on cathode materials can be accessed through detailed reviews [10,12,25,50].…”

Section: Cathodementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type and concentration of dopant defines effect on phase assemblage, chemical stability, ionic conductivity, thermal and mechanical properties. A careful attention must be given to the fact that many materials are unstable under the SOFC operating conditions, exhibit low ionic conductivity and develop conductivity in reducing environment [12,35,50,59,61]. The electrolyte that fulfills most of the characteristics required for the operation of SOFC is based on Y 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 with Y 2 O 3 (3-10 mol % range).…”

Section: Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Brief Description of High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell’s Operation, Materials, Design, Fabrication Technologies and Performance

et al. 2016

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Today's world needs highly efficient systems that can fulfill the growing demand for energy. One of the promising solutions is the fuel cell. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is considered by many developed countries as an alternative solution of energy in near future. A lot of efforts have been made during last decade to make it commercial by reducing its cost and increasing its durability. Different materials, designs and fabrication technologies have been developed and tested to make it more cost effective and stable. This article is focused on the advancements made in the field of high temperature SOFC. High temperature SOFC does not need any precious catalyst for its operation, unlike in other types of fuel cell. Different conventional and innovative materials have been discussed along with properties and effects on the performance of SOFC's components (electrolyte anode, cathode, interconnect and sealing materials). Advancements made in the field of cell and stack design are also explored along with hurdles coming in their fabrication and performance. This article also gives an overview of methods required for the fabrication of different components of SOFC. The flexibility of SOFC in terms fuel has also been discussed. Performance of the SOFC with varying combination of electrolyte, anode, cathode and fuel is also described in this article.

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“…Several excellent reviews [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] have reported on the development of conventional solid oxide fuel cell materials and these details will only be briefly summarised here.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Inorganic Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Skinner¹,

Laguna‐Bercero²

2011

Energy Materials

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PC-SOFC -Proton conducting solid oxide fuel cell IT-SOFC -Intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell IntroductionFuel cells are widely regarded as a next generation technology that will contribute to reductions in emissions of gases responsible for climate change such as CO 2 . There are several modifications to the basic concept of a fuel cell that allow operation over a wide variety of temperatures and with differing fuels. One of the most promising types of fuel cell for large scale power generation and combined heat and power applications is the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The solid oxide fuel cell offers many advantages over conventional combustion-based power generation technologies and has been the subject of intensive investigation for many years. As with all other fuel cells the SOFC is an electrochemical energy conversion device that converts the chemical energy contained within a fuel (for example, H 2 ) to useful electrical energy through an electrochemical oxidation process. Using the simplest fuel as an example the overall chemical reaction occurring is: To achieve this overall reaction it is essential that we consider the basic components of the fuel cell. A SOFC consists of three ceramic functional components (anode "fuel side", cathode "air side" and electrolyte) plus an electrical interconnect that is either ceramic or metallic depending upon the operating environment. These 4 components are referred to as the fuel cell and to achieve suitable power outputs these individual cells are connected to form a fuel cell stack. Schematics of two alternative designs of a single fuel cell are shown in Figure 1.At the anode the fuel is oxidised with the oxidant (oxygen) reduced at the cathode.These two components are separated by a gas tight electrolyte membrane that is a pure ionic conductor, transporting the oxide ion species from the cathode to the fuel side. This process releases electrons to an external circuit, providing the useful electrical power. These reactions are summarised as:cathode reaction Evidently these electrode reactions are significantly more complex than shown in equations 1.1. and 1.2 and fuller discussions of the proposed fuel oxidation and oxygen reduction electrode reactions are given in [1][2][3][4].It is therefore clear that in a solid oxide fuel cell there are many processes that require optimised materials, and consequently the SOFC is a complex solid state device. As a summary, it is essential that the electrolyte is a gas tight, pure ionic conductor stable over a wide pO 2 range (>10 -24 atm). Anodes have to possess stability in reducing conditions with both high ionic and electronic conductivity, and chemical compatibility with the electrolyte material. Similar properties are required for the cathode with the exception that stability is now in oxidising environments.Additionally the cathode has to be catalytically active towards oxygen reduction, which is often a rate limiting process, particularly at lower temperatures of operation (<650 o C). These are demanding pr...

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Ceramic Materials for Advanced Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Cited by 65 publications

References 28 publications

B-site substituted lanthanum strontium ferrites as electrode materials for electrochemical applications

B-site substituted lanthanum strontium ferrites as electrode materials for electrochemical applications

A Brief Description of High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell’s Operation, Materials, Design, Fabrication Technologies and Performance

Advanced Inorganic Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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