Ceramic Materials for Nuclear Energy Applications

Zhang, Yongfeng; Bai, Xian-Ming

doi:10.1007/s11837-019-03854-5

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…According to the manufacturer's data, the ceramics were obtained by sintering Al 2 O 3 powders in a nitrogen (N 2 ) atmosphere at a temperature of 1600-1800 • C and a pressure of p = 760 mmHg. The thickness of the samples was 20 µm, the density was 3.26 g/cm 3 , the structure type was hexagonal, the symmetry type was P63mc(186); according to X-ray diffraction analysis, the grain size was 170-175 nm, and this size is in good agreement with the observed sizes using a scanning electron microscopy. Before irradiation, the samples were subjected to mechanical polishing of the surface in order to obtain a roughness of no more than 5-10 nm.…”

Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In recent decades, much attention has been paid to the study of radiation damage in ceramic materials based on oxides, carbides and nitrides [1][2][3]. The interest in these classes of materials is primarily related to their wide potential application in the field of nuclear power and reactor building, where these ceramics can be used as structural materials, as a basis for dosimetric or thermal insulation devices, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Changes in Optical and Heat-Conducting Properties of AlN Ceramics under Irradiation with Kr15+ and Xe22+ Heavy Ions

2020

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AlN-based ceramics have great prospects for use in the field of structural materials for reactors of the new generation of GenIV, as well as dosimetric and optical devices. Interest in them is due to their unique physical and chemical properties, high resistance to degradation and excellent insulating properties. This work is devoted to the study of changes in the optical and heat-conducting properties of AlN ceramics as a result of irradiation with Kr15+ and Xe22+ heavy ions with energies close to those of fission fragments of uranium nuclei, and fluences 1014–1015 ion/cm2. During the study, dose relationships of changes in the optical properties of ceramics were established, as well as the effect of the type of ions on the degree of radiation damage and deterioration of optical characteristics. It has been found that an increase in the irradiation dose for Kr15+ ions leads to a slight increase in the depth of electron traps, while for samples irradiated with Xe22+ ions there is a sharp increase in the depth of occurrence from 5 to 20%, depending on the irradiation dose. For samples irradiated with Xe22+ ions, the greatest decrease in thermal conductivity was 19%, while for ceramics irradiated with Kr15+ ions, the maximum decrease was not more than 10%. The results show a significant resistance of ceramics to radiation damage by Kr15+ ions and negative effects, leading to a decrease in the resistance of optical and conductive properties of ceramics when irradiated with Xe22+ ions with doses higher than 5 × 1014 ion/cm2. Using the X-ray diffraction method, the dependences of structural distortions and changes in dislocation density in the structure of ceramics on the radiation dose were established. It has been determined that the main structural changes are associated with the fragmentation of grains, which result in an increase in the dislocation density, as well as deformation and distortion of the crystal lattice as a result of the formation of complex defects in the structure.

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Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Changes in Optical and Heat-Conducting Properties of AlN Ceramics under Irradiation with Kr15+ and Xe22+ Heavy Ions

2020

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“…In advanced reactors UO 2 and mixed oxides are considered as fuel candidates. [56] The primary fuel used in Nuclear Power Plants is Uranium dioxide ceramics. UO 2 is extremely stable having fluorite structure with high symmetry showing high corrosion resistance to steam and water forming the fuel pellets without any anisotropic effect and even no phase transformation happening up to 2865 °C melting point.…”

Section: Nuclear Applications Of Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ceramic materials are critically important for nuclear energy which generates about 15 % of the total electricity worldwide. In advanced reactors UO 2 and mixed oxides are considered as fuel candidates [56] . The primary fuel used in Nuclear Power Plants is Uranium dioxide ceramics.…”

Section: Nuclear Applications Of Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Hybrid Ceramics for Nuclear and Hydrogen Energy Applications

2023

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Global energy crisis has encouraged the need for sustainable energy resources, which is the viable alternate of providing effective energy operations and considered as remedy for the ongoing energy crisis. Development in the science and technology eases out plenty of issues that were once thought to be uphill. Presently, earth is being subjected to several grave issues which need to be addressed as soon as possible. Nuclear and hydrogen energy are the important areas which promise the optimistic way of handling the existential energy crisis due to cost, scarcity of resources and unavailability of considerable feedstock. Ceramics are the diverse inorganic materials which offer tremendous chemical and physical characteristics. Due to their structural, compositional and morphological versatility, advanced ceramics based hybrid materials can be exploited in nuclear and hydrogen energy applications as discussed in this review. Extensive survey outlined the applicability of ceramics in various nuclear science based applications as they include fissionable species and possess higher thermal conductivity, their enormous resistance towards radiation and refractoriness in fuels and in waste residuals due to their potential to hold radio nuclides and surveyed the scope of several metal oxides ceramics in carrying out hydrogen energy operations via overall water splitting.

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“…Long-term radiation damage is critical for a nuclear waste disposal strategy [9]. Pyrochlore has been developed rapidly as high-entropy ceramics waste substrate materials in recent years [10,11]. Future state-of-the-art nuclear reactors involve the recycling of nuclear fuels, burning of minor actinide series, and decontamination of fission fragments [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Insights into the Structural Properties and Displacement Cascades in Ytterbium Titanate Pyrochlore (Yb2Ti2O7) and High-Entropy Pyrochlores

Azeem,

Wang

2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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Pyrochlore oxides (A2B2O7) are potential nuclear waste substrate materials due to their superior radiation resistance properties. We performed molecular dynamics simulations to study the structural properties and displacement cascades in ytterbium titanate pyrochlore (Yb2Ti2O7) and high-entropy alloys (HEPy), e.g., YbYTiZrO7, YbGdTiZrO7, and Yb0.5Y0.5Eu0.5Gd0.5TiZrO7. We computed lattice constants (LC) (ao) and threshold displacement energy (Ed). Furthermore, the calculation for ao and ionic radius (rionic) were performed by substituting a combination of cations at the A and B sites of the original pyrochlore structure. Our simulation results have demonstrated that the lattice constant is proportional to the ionic radius, i.e., ao α rionic. Moreover, the effect of displacement cascades of recoils of energies 1 keV, 2 keV, 5 keV, and 10 keV in different crystallographic directions ([100], [110], [111]) was studied. The number of defects is found to be proportional to the energy of incident primary knock-on atoms (PKA). Additionally, the Ed of pyrochlore exhibits anisotropy. We also observed that HEPy has a larger Ed as compared with Yb2Ti2O7. This establishes that Yb2Ti2O7 has characteristics of lower radiation damage resistance than HEPy. Our displacement cascade simulation result proposes that HEPy alloys have more tendency for trapping defects. This work will provide atomic insights into developing substrate materials for nuclear waste applications.

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Ceramic Materials for Nuclear Energy Applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Study of Changes in Optical and Heat-Conducting Properties of AlN Ceramics under Irradiation with Kr15+ and Xe22+ Heavy Ions

Study of Changes in Optical and Heat-Conducting Properties of AlN Ceramics under Irradiation with Kr15+ and Xe22+ Heavy Ions

Advanced Hybrid Ceramics for Nuclear and Hydrogen Energy Applications

Atomic Insights into the Structural Properties and Displacement Cascades in Ytterbium Titanate Pyrochlore (Yb2Ti2O7) and High-Entropy Pyrochlores

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