Ceramic tribology

Gates, Richard S.; Hsu, Stephen M.; Klaus, E Erwin

doi:10.6028/nist.sp.758

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This particle concentration represents a worst‐case scenario after multiple turnover volumes through the pump, whereas a single turnover volume occurs at manufacturing‐scale. The particle size assumption is based on scanning electron micrographs of alumina wear debris generated under water‐lubricated sliding conditions (Gates et al, 1988). The corresponding nanoparticle surface area is calculated to be 0.055 cm 2 per 100 ml, more than 1000 times less than the internal surface area of the cRPP, about 107 cm 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorbed protein film on pump surfaces leads to particle formation during fill‐finish manufacturing

Roffi

Pantazis

2021

Biotech & Bioengineering

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During fill-finish manufacturing, therapeutic proteins may aggregate or form subvisible particles in response to the physical stresses encountered within filling pumps. Understanding and quantitating this risk is important since filling may be the last unit operation before the patient receives their dose. We studied particle formation from lab-scale to manufacturing-scale using sensitive and robust protein formulations. Filling experiments with a ceramic rotary piston pump were integrated with a rinse-stripping method to investigate the relationship between protein adsorption and particle formation. For a sensitive protein, multilayer film formation on the piston surface correlated with high levels of subvisible particles in solution. For a robust protein formulation, adsorption and subvisible particle formation were minimal. These results support an aggregation mechanism that is initiated by adsorption to pump surfaces and propagated by mechanical and/or hydrodynamic disruption of the film. The elemental analysis confirmed that ceramic wear debris remained at trace levels and did not contribute appreciably to protein aggregation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorbed protein film on pump surfaces leads to particle formation during fill‐finish manufacturing

Roffi

Pantazis

2021

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…Through the narrative function of economic elements in the novel, confusion and powerlessness beneath the surface story of women's growth can be seen, however, whether it is Hurston's ambiguous expression due to the limitation of historical understanding or the author's predicament and confusion about the value goal of women's survival [22], there is no denying that she did make the first real black female voice [23]. In fact, the narrative of Their Eyes Were Watching God does not end with the novel, because Hurston always keeps some secrets of life [24], therefore she also leaves some room for imagination in the novel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Narrative Function of the Economic Elements in Their Eyes Were Watching God

Liu

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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In Zora Neale Hurston’s representative work, Their Eyes Were Watching God, economic elements occupy a large proportion. This paper aims to analyze economic elements and explore the narrative function of the economic elements in the novel: to participate in the construction of the social background, to advance the development of the plot and create the conflict between characters, to promote the shaping of the characters. Through the narrative function of economic elements in the above aspects, Hurston explores and reflects on the economic status of black women, the value of black women’s life, and the equal status of black men and women in society.

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“…Gates et al (1989, 1988) gave evidence on decreased wear and friction rates in H 2 O caused by the formation of a transfer layer as Al(OH) 3 (Gibbsite) or α‐Al(OH) 3 (Bayerite) and Boehmite [γ‐AlO(OH), H V ∼8.000 MPa] on Al 2 O 3 . Relatively weak bonds reflect the structure of both hydroxides and hydrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry friction and wear rates as under liquid lubrication of ceramic/carbon couples up to 450°C

Kleemann¹,

Woydt

2004

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology

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In a high temperature tribometer, stationary carbon has been tested against different rotating ceramics (SiC, Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , WC-6Ni, MgO-ZrO 2 , (Ti, Mo)(C, N)) and stainless steel (DIN 1.4876). The rotating discs were grinded, polished and/or lapped. For most material combinations, the wear morphology is known from available literature. A transfer film with a typical wear pattern was found on the rotating disc. The combination of antimony graphite EK3245 against MgO-ZrO 2 did not form carbonaceous transfer layer. Through advanced variation of the roughness up to R pk ¼ 0.011 mm, the wear rate has been reduced to K v < 3.5 £ 10 2 8 mm 3 / N m at a stable coefficient of friction in a "millirange" of m , 0.008 for a sliding distance of 20.000 m. Electronic access

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Ceramic tribology

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Adsorbed protein film on pump surfaces leads to particle formation during fill‐finish manufacturing

Adsorbed protein film on pump surfaces leads to particle formation during fill‐finish manufacturing

An Analysis of the Narrative Function of the Economic Elements in Their Eyes Were Watching God

Dry friction and wear rates as under liquid lubrication of ceramic/carbon couples up to 450°C

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