Cereal rye cover crop effects on soil carbon and physical properties in southeastern Indiana

Rorick, Joseph D.; Kladivko, E. J.

doi:10.2489/jswc.72.3.260

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The outcomes of these studies suggest that the inclusion of CCs in farming systems in regions with Mediterranean-type climate is unlikely to influence water balance, but may still increase overall sustainability of farming systems. Similarly, Blanco-Canqui et al 2011, and Rorick and Kladivko (2017) reported no significant influence of CC management on soil water retention at field capacity and permanent wilting point. As such, CC Note.…”

Section: Cover Crops and Soil Water Retentionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Improving soil physical properties through the use of cover crops: A review

Haruna

Anderson

Udawatta

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

110

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Improving soil physical properties is important to soil conservation. Cover cropping can improve soil physical properties and organic matter content which can reduce soil loss, and thereby improve land productivity and environmental quality. In this article, the benefits of cover crops (CCs) for improving soil physical and hydraulic properties are reviewed as well as some soil conservation benefits that might accrue. The review indicates that CCs reduce soil bulk density by approximately 4%, increase macropores by approximately 33%, and increase water infiltration by as much as 629%, as compared to soil with no CCs. These improvements have been reported to lead to as much as 96% reduction in soil loss. Some current knowledge gaps in understanding how CCs can improve soil physical properties have been identified, including identifying which biomass, aboveground or belowground biomass, plays a greater role in organic C accumulation. Future research should focus on the interconnectedness of soil pores generated by CCs and the influence of CCs on heat transport parameters to further improve soil physical properties and associated benefits.

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Section: Cover Crops and Soil Water Retentionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Improving soil physical properties through the use of cover crops: A review

Haruna

Anderson

Udawatta

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These results support our first hypothesis that corn residue removal would decrease water retention and PAW. Previous studies have found inconsistent CC effects on water retention (Villamil et al, 2006;Basche et al, 2016b;Blanco-Canqui et al, 2011;Rorick and Kladivko, 2017).…”

Section: Water Retention Pore-size Distribution and Available Watermentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, a 15-yr study in Kansas found no summer CC effects on PAW (Blanco-Canqui et al, 2011). Additionally, a 4-yr study in Indiana reported that cereal rye had no effect on PAW (Rorick and Kladivko, 2017). These conflicting reports warrant additional research on CC effects on soil hydraulic properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Cover Crops and Corn Residue Removal: Impacts on Soil Hydraulic Properties and Their Relationships with Carbon

Sindelar

Blanco‐Canqui

Jin

et al. 2019

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Large-scale crop residue removal may negatively affect soil water dynamics. Integrating cover crop (CC) with crop residue management can be a strategy to offset potential adverse effects of residue removal. We studied: (i) the impact of corn (Zea mays L.) residue removal (56%) with and without the use of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) CC on soil hydraulic properties, (ii) whether CC would ameliorate residue removal effects on hydraulic properties, and (iii) relationships of hydraulic properties with soil organic C (SOC) and other properties under irrigated no-till continuous corn on a silt loam in south central Nebraska after 5 and 6 yr of management. Cover crops did not affect soil hydraulic properties. However, residue removal reduced cumulative water infiltration by about 45% in one year. Across years, residue removal reduced plant available water (PAW) by 32% and mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates (MWD) by 23% for the upper 5-cm soil depth. Under no CC, residue removal reduced SOC concentration by 25% in the 0-to 5-cm and by 11% in the 5-to 10-cm depths. Under residue removal, CC increased SOC concentration by 18% in the 0-to 5-cm and by 8% in the 5 to 10-cm depths. Cover crop did not completely offset the residue removal-induced decrease in SOC concentration in the upper 5-cm depth. Plant available water decreased as SOC concentration and MWD decreased. After 6 yr, corn residue removal adversely affected soil hydraulic properties and SOC concentration, but CC was unable to fully offset such adverse impacts. Abbreviations: CC, cover crop; MWD, mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates, PAW, plant available water, SOC, soil organic C. P roper management of soil and water resources is critical to sustain agricultural production under fluctuating climatic conditions, which include changes in precipitation patterns, heat waves, droughts, and others. In the central Great Plains, management of soil water resources is of special interest because precipitation is often supplemented with irrigation to meet crop production goals (USDA, 2013). Improved agronomic management strategies are needed to address the above concerns (Wienhold et al., 2018). Practices such as CC and crop residue management that maintain or increase surface residue cover can increase precipitation capture, reduce evaporation, and increase water retention capacity. Cover crops can impact soil water management decisions (Unger and Vigil, 1998; Daigh et al., 2014; Basche et al., 2016a). In water-limited regions, CC could reduce PAW needed for main crop production (Nielsen et al., 2016; Alvarez et al., 2017). However, CC may be able to also contribute to water storage by increasing water infiltration, retention, and PAW in the long term. Improved management of CC may ameliorate the negative impacts of precipitation fluctuations (

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“…A short-term field experiment (1 year) in central Ohio under on-farm conditions revealed that the growth of peas (Pisum sativum) and turnips (Brassica rapa rapa) as cover crops did not have any significant impacts on water-stable soil aggregate distributions and stability at the 0-10-cm depth compared to those of the control (Mukherjee & Lal, 2015). Other studies have also shown no change in SOC and TN sequestrations under cover crop systems (Rorick & Kladivko, 2017), indicating a need for more research in the future.…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Improving soil aggregation, aggregate‐associated C and N, and enzyme activities by green manure crops in the Loess Plateau of China

Zhang

Yao

Jiao

et al. 2019

European J Soil Science

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Green manure and fertilization practices have substantial impacts on soil chemical and biological properties over time. A field experiment was conducted on Cumulic Haplustoll to investigate the effects of leguminous green manure (LGM) crops and nitrogen (N) fertilizer on dry‐stable soil aggregate distributions and stability, the concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and N in the bulk soil and separated aggregate fractions, and soil enzyme activities in dry croplands on the Loess Plateau of China. Species tested as LGM crops were Huai bean (Glycine ussuriensis Regel et Maack.), soybean (G. max (L.) Merr.) and mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.). Two rates of N fertilizer (0 and 162 kg N ha−1) applied to winter wheat sown after LGM was incorporated into surface soil. Results showed that the inclusion of LGM crops for 6 years significantly increased the total nitrogen (TN), soil organic carbon (SOC), aggregate‐associated N and OC concentrations, enhanced the values of aggregate content with >0.25 mm size (R0.25) and mean weight diameter (MWD), and boosted soil enzyme (invertase, urease, dehydrogenase and aryl‐sulfatase) activities at the 0–20‐cm depth compared to the bare fallow system under dryland conditions. The long‐term application of N fertilizer substantially increased the proportion of macroaggregates (>5.0 mm), MWD and N contents in the 0.25–5‐mm size aggregates, and promoted the relative activities of invertase, alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase and aryl‐sulphatase, but decreased the urease activity. The correlations among macroaggregate fractions and soil chemical properties, aggregate stability and enzyme activities were significant and positive; however, the correlations between small aggregate fractions (<2 mm) and corresponding parameters were negative, or there were no correlations. Overall, combining green manuring practices with suitable N fertilizer application should be recommended to improve the soil quality in dryland regions similar to the Loess Plateau of China. Highlights Green manure crops significantly increased soil enzyme activities, SOC and total N contents. Green manure crops increased macroaggregate (>5 mm) formation and stability. Application of N fertilizer significantly increased the proportions and stability of macroaggregates. Green manure crops along with N fertilizer helped to build better soil quality in a dry loess cropland.

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Cereal rye cover crop effects on soil carbon and physical properties in southeastern Indiana

Cited by 64 publications

References 23 publications

Improving soil physical properties through the use of cover crops: A review

Improving soil physical properties through the use of cover crops: A review

Cover Crops and Corn Residue Removal: Impacts on Soil Hydraulic Properties and Their Relationships with Carbon

Improving soil aggregation, aggregate‐associated C and N, and enzyme activities by green manure crops in the Loess Plateau of China

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