Cerebellar Atrophy in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cerebellar Tumor

Ailion, Alyssa; King, Tricia Z.; Wang, Liya; Fox, Michelle E.; Mao, Hui; Morris, Robin; Crosson, Bruce

doi:10.1017/s1355617716000138

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Many survivors presented with poor processing speeds, leading to poorer physical and/or mental health, social functioning, and health‐related quality of life . Similarly, language and vocabulary issues were challenging .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, language and vocabulary issues were challenging . Compared with matched healthy controls, brain tumour survivors scored significantly lower in verbal assessments …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29,33,34,[47][48][49]55,58,60 AYAs scored lower in IQ testing than population controls. 34,60 Many survivors presented with poor processing speeds, 21,23,37,39,48,59,61 leading to poorer physical and/or mental health, 37 social functioning, 21,23 and health-related quality of life. 37,39 Similarly, language and vocabulary issues were challenging.…”

Section: Cognitive Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31,35,55,60 Compared with matched healthy controls, brain tumour survivors scored significantly lower in verbal assessments. 31,46,60,61 Some survivors suffered from impaired motor skills. 31,34,35,37,46,48 Motor deficits contributed to social isolation and vocational limitation by restricting the types of activities open to survivors (ie, playing sports or writing).…”

Section: Cognitive Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term issues and supportive care needs of adolescent and young adult childhood brain tumour survivors and their caregivers: A systematic review

et al. 2019

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Objective Long‐term issues following diagnosis and treatment of a childhood brain tumour often become apparent as the survivor enters adolescence and young adulthood. Their caregivers may additionally face long‐term impacts on their emotional and psychological functioning. This review synthesised evidence on the issues and supportive care needs of adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of a brain tumour diagnosed in childhood and their caregivers. Methods Electronic databases were searched up until September 2017. All studies reporting on issues or needs of childhood brain tumour survivors (aged 14‐39) and their caregivers were included. Narrative synthesis methods were used to summarise, integrate, and interpret findings. Results Fifty‐six articles (49 studies) met the inclusion criteria. Social issues (ie, isolation and impaired daily functioning) were most commonly reported by survivors, followed by cognitive (ie, impaired memory and attention) and physical issues (ie, endocrine dysfunctions and fatigue). Survivors experienced poorer social functioning and sexual functioning and were less likely to be employed or have children, when compared with other AYA cancer survivors. Caregivers experienced reduced support as the survivor moved into young adulthood. Caregivers reported uncertainty, increased responsibilities, and problems maintaining their own self–well‐being and family relationships. Few studies reported on supportive care needs. Survivors expressed a need for better educational support and age‐specific psychosocial services. Conclusions Surviving a childhood brain tumour can be particularly challenging for AYA survivors and their caregivers. Robust structured research is needed to identify specific support needs of both survivors and their caregivers and how these can be optimally addressed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, language and vocabulary issues were challenging . Compared with matched healthy controls, brain tumour survivors scored significantly lower in verbal assessments …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term issues and supportive care needs of adolescent and young adult childhood brain tumour survivors and their caregivers: A systematic review

et al. 2019

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“…Hydrocephalus, a common neurological condition in brain tumor survivors, results in increased intraventricular pressure, damage to periventricular white matter and possible axonal degeneration ( Krishnamurthy and Li, 2014 ). Surgical resection of the tumor beyond the tumor margin as often required causes a loss of brain tissue in areas of the brain that are in the same neural pathway but distal to the site of the lesion ( Ailion et al, 2016 ). Tractography studies in adult patients have found displacement and tumor infiltration in white matter tracts as a result of fast-growing tumors ( Nilsson et al, 2008 ; Wei et al, 2014 ) with persistent effects of thinning, interruptions and reductions in the tract size after surgery ( Lazar et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter network topology relates to cognitive flexibility and cumulative neurological risk in adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors

Crosson

et al. 2018

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors exhibit deficits in executive functioning. Given that brain tumors and medical treatments for brain tumors result in disruptions to white matter, a network analysis was used to explore the topological properties of white matter networks. This study used diffusion tensor imaging and deterministic tractography in 38 adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors (mean age in years = 23.11 (SD = 4.96), 54% female, mean years post diagnosis = 14.09 (SD = 6.19)) and 38 healthy peers matched by age, gender, handedness, and socioeconomic status. Nodes were defined using the Automated Anatomical Labeling (AAL) parcellation scheme, and edges were defined as the mean fractional anisotropy of streamlines that connected each node pair. Global efficiency and average clustering coefficient were reduced in survivors compared to healthy peers with preferential impact to hub regions. Global efficiency mediated differences in cognitive flexibility between survivors and healthy peers, as well as the relationship between cumulative neurological risk and cognitive flexibility. These results suggest that adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors, on average one and a half decades post brain tumor diagnosis and treatment, exhibit altered white matter topology in the form of suboptimal integration and segregation of large scale networks, and that disrupted topology may underlie executive functioning impairments. Network based studies provided important topographic insights on network organization in long-term survivors of pediatric brain tumor.

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Predicting neurocognitive function in pediatric brain tumor early survivorship: The neurological predictor scale and the incremental validity of tumor size

McCurdy

Raghubar

Christopher

et al. 2022

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Background: The Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS) quantifies cumulative exposure to conventional treatment-related neurological risks but does not capture potential risks posed by tumors themselves. This study evaluated the predictive validity of the NPS, and the incremental value of tumor location and size, for neurocognitive outcomes in early survivorship following contemporary therapies for pediatric brain tumors. Procedure: Survivors (N = 69) diagnosed from 2010 to 2016 were administered age-appropriate versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales. Hierarchical multiple regressions examined the predictive and incremental validity of NPS score, tumor location, and tumor size. Results: Participants (51% female) aged 6-20 years (M = 13.22, SD = 4.09) completed neurocognitive evaluations 5.16 years (SD = 1.29) postdiagnosis. The NPS significantly predicted Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ; ΔR 2 = .079), Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI; ΔR 2 = 0.051), Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI; ΔR 2 = 0.065), and Processing Speed Index (PSI; ΔR 2 = 0.049) performance after controlling for sex, age at diagnosis, and maternal education. Tumor size alone accounted for a significant amount of unique variance in FSIQ (ΔR 2 = 0.065), PRI (ΔR 2 = 0.076), and PSI (ΔR 2 = 0.080), beyond that captured by the NPS and relevant covariates. Within the full model, the NPS remained a significant independent predictor of FSIQ (β = −0.249, P = 0.016), VCI (β = −0.223, P = 0.048), and PRI (β = −0.229, P = 0.037).Conclusions: Tumor size emerged as an independent predictor of neurocognitive functioning and added incrementally to the predictive utility of the NPS. Pretreatment disease burden may provide one of the earliest markers of neurocognitive risk following contemporary treatments. With perpetual treatment advances, measures

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Cerebellar Atrophy in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cerebellar Tumor

Abstract: The results of the current study suggest that young age at diagnosis and radiation is associated with CB atrophy, which interacts with lesion size to impact both written and oral PS.

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Long‐term issues and supportive care needs of adolescent and young adult childhood brain tumour survivors and their caregivers: A systematic review

Long‐term issues and supportive care needs of adolescent and young adult childhood brain tumour survivors and their caregivers: A systematic review

White matter network topology relates to cognitive flexibility and cumulative neurological risk in adult survivors of pediatric brain tumors

Predicting neurocognitive function in pediatric brain tumor early survivorship: The neurological predictor scale and the incremental validity of tumor size

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