Cerebellotectal pathways in the macaque: Implications for collicular generation of saccades

May, Paul J.; Hartwich-Young, Rosi; Nelson, Jon S.; Sparks, David L.; Porter, John D.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(90)90428-7

Cited by 160 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The FN neurons projecting to ABD/RF are caudal to those projecting to C2. Others have described contralateral connections from FN to the NRPD and NRPC adjacent to the abducens nucleus as well as to the rostral mesencephalic reticular formation and SC (Batton et al, 1977;Asanuma et al, 1983;Noda et al, 1990;May et al, 1990). Since our ABDIRF injection spread to parts of NRPD and NRPC, we believe that it was involvement of these structures that caused labeling in the caudal FN after our ABDIRF injection.…”

Section: Medullamentioning

confidence: 67%

Coordination of gaze shifts in primates: Brainstem inputs to neck and extraocular motoneuron pools

Robinson

Phillips

Fuchs

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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To determine whether there are brainstem regions that provide common input to the motoneurons that move both the head and the eyes, we injected wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase complex (WGA-HRP) into neck motoneuron pools at spinal level C2 (N = 3) and extraocular motoneuron pools in the abducens (N = 1) and oculomotor/trochlear (N = 1) nuclei of rhesus and fascicularis macaques. We also injected WGA-HRP into spinal level C5-7 (N = 1) of a fascicularis macaque for comparison. After injections into C2, we observed retrogradely labeled cells in the ventral reticular formation (NRV), the gigantocellular reticular formation (NRG), and both the oral (NRPO) and the caudal (NRPC) divisions of the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF). There was also a column of labeled cells in the cuneate reticular nucleus (NCUN) just lateral to the ipsilateral periaqueductal gray (PAG). This column extended rostrally into the central mesencephalic reticular formation (CMRF). In addition, there were labeled cells in the region ventral and caudal to the rostral interstitial nucleus of the MLF (riMLF), the area lateral to the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC), and the ventral part of the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN) and lateral part of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN). There were also a few labeled cells in the fastigial (FN) and interposed (IN) nuclei of the cerebellum but very few in the superior colliculus (SC). In contrast, the injection into C5-7 labeled many cells in the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN) and very few in FN or IN. Injecting WGA-HRP into the abducens nucleus and the surrounding tissue labeled many cells in SC, PPRF, MVN, FN, and nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH). Injecting into the oculomotor/trochlear nuclei and nearby tissue labeled cells in SC, INC, riMLF, FN, IN, MVN, and superior vestibular nucleus (SVN). Structures that project to both neck and eye motoneuron pools, and therefore probably participate in both head and eye movements, include the lateral part of the MVN and both NRPO and NRPC in the PPRF. Those that project primarily to neck motoneurons in C2 include the NRV, the NRG, and the NCUN-CMRF column. Those projecting exclusively to extraocular nuclei include the NPH, INC, riMLF, NRPD, and SC. We use these data to propose a scheme for control of combined eye-head movements in monkeys.

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Section: Medullamentioning

confidence: 67%

Coordination of gaze shifts in primates: Brainstem inputs to neck and extraocular motoneuron pools

Robinson

Phillips

Fuchs

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Because a subset of neurons in the cerebellar dentate nucleus project to the superior colliculus (May et al, 1990) and the frontal eye field via the thalamus (Lynch et al 1994), signals in the dentate nucleus could play a role in triggering saccades. Previous studies showed that electrical stimulation applied to the dentate nucleus evoked ipsiversive saccades with a short latency ranging from 12-26 ms (Ron and Robinson, 1973), and that neurons in the lateral cerebellar cortex projecting to the dentate nucleus exhibited a brief burst of activity associated with saccades (Mano et al, 1991).…”

Section: Relevance Of Signals In the Cerebellar Dentate Nucleus To Tementioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitation of temporal prediction by electrical stimulation to the primate cerebellar nuclei

2017

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The cerebellum is known to be involved in temporal information processing. However, the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain unclear. In our previous study, monkeys were trained to make a saccade in response to a single omission of periodically presented visual stimuli. To detect stimulus omission, animals had to predict the timing of each next stimulus. During this task, neurons in the cerebellar dentate nucleus exhibited a transient decrement of activity followed by a gradual increase in firing rate that peaked around the time of the next stimulus (Ohmae et al., 2013). In the present study, to address how these two components of neuronal activity contributed to omission detection, we applied electrical microstimulation to the recording site at different timing during the task. We found that electrical stimulation just before the stimulus omission shortened the latencies of both contraversive and ipsiversive saccades. Because the changes in saccade latency non-linearly depended on the timing of stimulation in each inter-stimulus interval, and electrical stimulation just before the early stimulus in the sequence failed to evoke saccades, the neuronal activity in the dentate nucleus might regulate temporal prediction rather than facilitating saccade execution. Our results support the hypothesis that the firing modulation in each inter-stimulus interval in the dentate nucleus represents neuronal code for the temporal prediction of next stimulus. AbbreviationsFP, fixation point; MRI, magnetic resonance images; SOA, stimulus onset asynchrony

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“…The rostral tip of rMAO projects to lateral posterior interpositus (NIP), which projects to the superior colliculus (May et al, 1990) rather than RNm. It is likely that the rostral tip of rMAO is involved in eye movement control.…”

Section: Rmao Injectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Relations of Cerebellar Modules of the Cat

Horn¹,

Pong²,

Gibson³

2010

Journal of Neuroscience

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The cerebellum consists of parasagittal zones that define fundamental modules of neural processing. Each zone receives input from a distinct subdivision of the inferior olive (IO)-activity in one olivary subdivision will affect activity in one cerebellar module. To define functions of the cerebellar modules, we inactivated specific olivary subdivisions in six male cats with a glutamate receptor blocker. Olivary inactivation eliminates Purkinje cell complex spikes, which results in a high rate of Purkinje cell simple spike discharge. The increased simple spike discharge inhibits output from connected regions of the cerebellar nuclei. After inactivation, behavior was evaluated during a reach-to-grasp task and during locomotion. Inactivation of each subdivision produced unique behavioral deficits. Performance of the reach-to-grasp task was affected by inactivation of the rostral dorsal accessory olive (rDAO) and the rostral medial accessory olive (rMAO) and, possibly, the principal olive. rDAO inactivation produced paw drag during locomotion and a deficit in grasping the handle during the reach-to-grasp task. rMAO inactivation caused the cats to reach under the handle and produced severe limb drag during locomotion. Inactivation of the dorsal medial cell column, cell group ␤, or caudal medial accessory olive produced little deficit in the reach-to-grasp task, but each produced a different deficit during locomotion. In all cases, the cats appeared to have intact sensation, good spatial awareness, and no change of affect. Normal cerebellar function requires low rates of IO discharge, and each cerebellar module has a specific and unique function in sensory-motor integration.

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Cerebellotectal pathways in the macaque: Implications for collicular generation of saccades

Cited by 160 publications

References 76 publications

Coordination of gaze shifts in primates: Brainstem inputs to neck and extraocular motoneuron pools

Coordination of gaze shifts in primates: Brainstem inputs to neck and extraocular motoneuron pools

Facilitation of temporal prediction by electrical stimulation to the primate cerebellar nuclei

Functional Relations of Cerebellar Modules of the Cat

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