Cerebellum regulating cerebral functional cortex through multiple pathways in complete thoracolumbar spinal cord injury

Abstract

The previous studies have found significant brain structural and functional changes in cerebral regions after spinal cord injury (SCI), but few studies have explored the cerebellar–cerebral circuit changes in SCI. This study aims to study the brain structural changes of cerebellar subregions and its functional connectivity (FC) changes with cerebrum in complete thoracolumbar SCI (CTSCI), and screen out the regions that play relatively important roles in affecting sensorimotor function. Eighteen CTSCI patients and 18 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to characterize the brain structural changes of cerebellar subregions [from the Anatomical Automatic Labeling (AAL116)], seed-based FC was used to evaluate the cerebellar–cerebral FC changes and support vector machine (SVM) analysis was used to search for sensitive imaging indicators. CTSCI patients showed slightly structural atrophy in vermis_3 (p = 0.046) and significantly decreased FC between cerebellum and cerebral sensorimotor-, visual-, cognitive-, and auditory-related regions (cluster-level FWE correction with p < 0.05). Additionally, SVM weight analysis showed that FC values between vermis_10 and right fusiform gyrus had the greatest weight in functional changes of CTSCI. In conclusion, different degrees of structural and functional changes occurred in each subregion of cerebellum following CTSCI, and FC change between vermis_10 and right fusiform gyrus plays the most important role in dysfunction and may become an important neural network index of rehabilitation therapy.

Oral Administration of a Specific p300/CBP Lysine Acetyltransferase Activator Induces Synaptic Plasticity and Repairs Spinal Cord Injury

“…Spinal cord injury results in global structural and functional changes in different brain regions, such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), primary motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, and cerebellum, leading to reduced gray matter volume. − However, changes in histone acetylation, mainly in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum, with its role in regulating motor activity and regeneration in spinal injury, have not been explored much. To gain deeper insights into the role of CBP/p300-mediated induction of histone acetylation and regeneration after spinal cord injury, we examined the effect of oral administration of CSP-TTK21 on histone acetylation dynamics in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum.…”

A shift of brain network hub after spinal cord injury

“…Recently, studies using rs-fMRI in SCI have increased. There are many reports in humans ( Choe et al, 2013 ; Hou et al, 2014 , 2016 ; Chisholm et al, 2015 ; Min et al, 2015a , b ; Zhu et al, 2015 ; Oni-Orisan et al, 2016 ; Kaushal et al, 2017 ; Pan et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2018 ; Hawasli et al, 2018 ; Ge et al, 2019 ; Karunakaran et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2020a , b , 2023 ; Park et al, 2020 ; Black et al, 2021 ; Huynh et al, 2021 ; Nakanishi et al, 2021 ; Zheng et al, 2021 , 2022 ; Guo et al, 2022 ; Kim et al, 2022 ; Vallesi et al, 2022 ; Wang et al, 2022 ; Mandloi et al, 2023 ) and several reports in nonhuman primates ( Rao et al, 2014 , 2016 , 2022 ; Wu et al, 2017 ) and rodents ( Seminowicz et al, 2012 ; Matsubayashi et al, 2018 ; Wu et al, 2020 ; Sanganahalli et al, 2021 , 2022 ). The analysis of rs-fMRI in SCI seems to be in its infancy due to differences in the various rs-fMRI analysis methods (seed-based, ICA, graph theory, ReHo, ALFF, etc.)…”

Oral Administration of a specific p300/CBP Lysine Acetyltransferase Activator Induces Synaptic Plasticity and Repairing Spinal Cord Injury

“…Spinal cord injury result in a global structural and functional changes in different brain regions such as medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), primary motor cortex, somatosensory cortex and cerebellum leading to reduced grey matter volume [25][26][27]. However, changes in histone acetylation majorly in prefrontal cortex and cerebellum with its role in regulating motor activity and regeneration in spinal injury is not much explored.…”