Cerebral arterial air embolism due to an esophago-atrial fistula seen on CT

Nadjmi, M; Schäffer, R.; Wodarz, R

doi:10.1007/bf00344831

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…There have been numerous studies to investigate such subclinical lesions. Historically, CT has been the diagnostic imaging study of choice for the detection of infarcts, hemorrhages or cerebral air embolism [1,2]. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is more sensitive than CT in detecting acute infarcts [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Cerebral Lesions on T2*-Weighted Gradient-Echo Imaging after Cardiac Valve Surgery

Jeon

Lee²,

Kim

et al. 2010

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: It is well known that silent ischemic brain lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) commonly occur after various interventional procedures or surgeries. However, to our knowledge, postoperative new lesions on T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging (GRE) have never been explored. Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 19 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery. Preoperative and postoperative (within 7 days) GRE and DWI were performed. New GRE lesions were defined as signal loss lesions on postoperative GRE which were not observed on preoperative GRE. Long-term follow-up GRE was performed in a limited number of cases. Results: Twelve patients developed 26 small (<10 mm) new GRE lesions. Of these patients, 1 had a generalized seizure accompanied by confusion and facial weakness with DWI lesions, and 1 showed confusion of short duration without DWI lesions. Long-term follow-up GRE was performed 3 years after surgery in 4 patients. Of the 12 new GRE lesions in these 4 patients, 11 lesions were still observable on long-term follow-up GRE. Conclusions: New cerebral lesions on GRE after cardiac valve surgery are common and are presumed to be rapidly developed microbleeds and mostly asymptomatic. Further studies are needed to investigate the precise nature and clinical implications of new GRE lesions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Cerebral Lesions on T2*-Weighted Gradient-Echo Imaging after Cardiac Valve Surgery

Jeon

Lee²,

Kim

et al. 2010

Cerebrovasc Dis

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“…In CAGE, the CT scan shows diffuse pneumocephalus 11 and cerebral oedema with or without arterial infarction. Air can also be detected in the subarachnoid spaces 12 . ACT scan of the brain should be immediately carried out as air is rapidly absorbed from brain arterioles 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air can also be detected in the subarachnoid spaces. 12 ACT scan of the brain should be immediately carried out as air is rapidly absorbed from brain arterioles. 13 After the diagnosis of CAGE is confirmed on CT, MRI should be performed for assessment of the extent of irreversible cerebral damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical cerebral arterial gas embolism: Computed tomography findings

Ghatge

Bhatgadde

Nagar

et al. 2007

Australasian Radiology

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Computed tomography scan findings are described in cerebral arterial gas embolism in two patients with right to left intracardiac shunts by accidental injection of air during intravenous therapy. Although imaging may not be necessary to diagnose the condition, the patient may be referred to CT scan as a case of stroke. Cerebral arterial gas embolism should be considered in the differential diagnosis of stroke, particularly in case of right-to-left shunts. CT findings described are classical and diagnostic of the condition.

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“…Cerebral gas embolism is known to occur in several clinical settings such as trauma (7), surgery (5, 11), sudden air pressure changes (3), central venous catheter placement (8, 9), lung biopsy (1), angiography (14) or through an esophago‐atrial fistula (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CEREBRAL AIR EMBOLI FROM ANGIOGRAPHY IN A PATIENT WITH STROKE. A case report

Söderman

Bystam

2001

Acta Radiologica

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A 42-year-old woman with subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage was investigated with diagnostic angiography, disclosing an occlusion of the left internal carotid artery and the middle cerebral artery. CT examination immediately after the angiography revealed a 12-h-old infarct of the left middle cerebral artery territory. There was also gas in the arteries supplying the infarcted part of the brain, but not in other vessels. Air had most probably been introduced during the angiography and had consequently been "trapped" in the cortical arteries of the ischemic brain. In the non-ischemic parts of the brain air may have passed through the vessels leaving no trace.

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Cerebral arterial air embolism due to an esophago-atrial fistula seen on CT

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

New Cerebral Lesions on T2*-Weighted Gradient-Echo Imaging after Cardiac Valve Surgery

New Cerebral Lesions on T2*-Weighted Gradient-Echo Imaging after Cardiac Valve Surgery

Paradoxical cerebral arterial gas embolism: Computed tomography findings

CEREBRAL AIR EMBOLI FROM ANGIOGRAPHY IN A PATIENT WITH STROKE. A case report

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