Cerebral Blood Volume Maps with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted FLASH Imaging: Normal Values and Preliminary Clinical Results

Hackländer, T; Hofer, Matthias; Reichenbach, Jürgen R.; Rascher, K.; Fürst, G.; Mödder, Ulrich

doi:10.1097/00004728-199607000-00006

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The area under the curve describing the temporal change of the relaxation rate DR 1 = (DT 1 ) À1 or DR 2 * = (DT 2 *) À1 during bolus passsage has been demonstrated to be proportional to the CBV (Belliveau et al, 1990;Hacklander et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamic methods, including the Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast method (Moonen et al, 1992;Rosen et al, 1991;Villringer et al, 1988) and the T 1 bolus method (Dean et al, 1992;Hacklander et al, 1996Hacklander et al, , 1997, are based on the intravascular indicator dilution theory (Meier and Zierler, 1954) and require high temporal resolution to acquire series of images during the first pass of the bolus of the injected tracer in the brain tissue. The area under the curve describing the temporal change of the relaxation rate DR 1 = (DT 1 ) À1 or DR 2 * = (DT 2 *) À1 during bolus passsage has been demonstrated to be proportional to the CBV (Belliveau et al, 1990;Hacklander et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T₁ Method

Perles-Barbacaru

Lahrech

2007

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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This paper describes a new rapid steady-state T 1 (RSST 1 ) method for mapping the cerebral blood volume fraction (CBVf) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The principle is based on a twocompartment model of the brain (intra-and extravascular), and the effects of paramagnetic contrast agents on the intravascular longitudinal relaxation time T 1 . Using appropriate parameters, an Inversion-Recovery-Fast-Low-Angle-Shot sequence acts like a low pass T 1 filter, suppressing signals from tissues with T 1 bTR (TR = repetition time). It was shown in vivo that, exceeding a particular contrast agent dose, the signal reaches its maximum (corresponding to the intravascular equilibrium magnetization), and is maintained for a duration related to the dose. Acquisitions during this steady state divided by an additional measure of the overall (intra-and extravascular) magnetization at thermal equilibrium provides the CBVf. Experiments were performed on healthy rats at 2.35 T using P760 (Gd 3 + -compound from Guerbet Laboratories) and Gd-DOTA. Because of its high longitudinal relaxivity, P760 is more convenient, and was used to show the feasibility of the method. The CBVf in different structures of the rat brain was compared. The average CBVf for the whole brain slice is 3.29%60.69% (n = 15). The influence of transendothelial water exchange was quantified and transversal relaxation effects were found negligible in microvasculature. Finally, the sensitivity of the method to CBVf increases under hypercapnia was evaluated (1%/mm Hg PaCO 2 ), demonstrating its potential for longitudinal studies and functional MRI. Clinical applications are feasible since equivalent results were obtained with Gd-DOTA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T₁ Method

Perles-Barbacaru

Lahrech

2007

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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“…However susceptibility based techniques have significant disadvantages related to spatial distortion occurring in areas of paramagnetic variation and residual relaxivity effects in areas of extravascular contrast leakage. This has led several workers to try to derive CBV maps from T 1 weighted data (25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Although these methods showed some promise they are not routinely used, largely because of their tendency to give rise to erroneously high estimates of CBV in areas of extravascular contrast leakage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of cerebral blood volume maps generated fromT₂* andT₁weighted MRI data in intra-axial cerebral tumours

Haroon

Tf²,

Zhu³

et al. 2007

BJR

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Type of Manuscript: ORIGINAL RESEARCH ABSTRACTPurpose: To compare parametric maps, measured values and value distributions of cerebral blood volume (CBV) derived from 1) first pass T 1 -weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) data (T 1 -CBV) and 2) T 2 *-weighted DCE data (T 2 *-CBV) in patients with intraaxial tumours. Materials and Methods: Sequential T 1 -and T 2 *-weighted DCE-MRI acquisitions were performed in 9 patients with cerebral neoplasms. CBV maps were calculated from T 2 *-weighted data using a conventional curve fitting technique and from T 1 -weighted first pass data using the recently described leakage profile model. Regions of interest were manually drawn around enhancing tumour tissue on matched slices and median tumour values and conspicuity indexes of CBV from the two techniques were compared. Pixel-by-pixel scattergrams of values in normal brain in a representative matched slice were produced for each case. 3D correlation renderings from both DCE-MRI datasets of a representative case were also produced for visual comparison. Results: Distortion of blood vessels and around susceptibility interfaces was evident on T 2 *-CBV but not on T 1 -CBV maps. Median ROI T 1 -and T 2 *-CBV measurements showed good correlation (r=0.667,p<0.05) in enhancing tumour, and there was no significant difference in conspicuity. Pixel-by-pixel comparison showed excellent correlation within normal brain (r=0.96,p<0.001). 3D renderings from T 1 -weighted data were visually superior. Conclusion: Leakage-free T 1 -CBV maps correlate well with conventionally generated T 2 *-CBV maps, both in terms of median measurements from tumour tissue and visual distribution of blood vessels. T 1 -CBV maps do not suffer from the susceptibility artefacts seen in T 2 *-CBV maps and offer higher through plane spatial resolution.2

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“…Also, a small number of studies have shown that CBV can be measured with DCE-MRI in normal brain tissue and infarction (24)(25)(26) and may be more accurate than DSC-MRI (27). The feasibility of measuring CBF, which requires a higher temporal resolution, has been demonstrated more recently (28,29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The feasibility of measuring CBF, which requires a higher temporal resolution, has been demonstrated more recently (28,29). In tumors, where blood volumes are typically higher, CBV measurement is inherently less problematic (26), has equal diagnostic quality as DSC-MRI (30), and can be performed simultaneously with a measurement of permeability (31)(32)(33).…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantification of cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and blood–brain‐barrier leakage with DCE‐MRI

Sourbron

Ingrisch

Siefert

et al. 2009

Magnetic Resonance in Med

236

251

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Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSC-MRI) is the current standard for the measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) and Cerebral Blood Volume (CBV), but it is not suitable for the measurement of Extraction Flow (EF) and may not allow for absolute quantification. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a methodology to measure CBF, CBV, and EF from T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). A twocompartment modeling approach was developed, which applies both to tissues with an intact and with a broken Blood-BrainBarrier (BBB). The approach was evaluated using measurements in normal grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) and in tumors of 15 patients. Accuracy and precision were estimated with simulations of normal brain tissue. All tumor and normal tissue curves were accurately fitted by the model. CBF (mL/100 mL/min) was 82 ± 21 in GM and 23 ± 14 in WM, CBV (mL/100 mL) was 2.6 ± 0.8 in GM and 1.3 ± 0.4 in WM. EF (mL/100 mL/min) was close to zero in GM (−0.009 ± 0.05) and WM (−0.03 ± 0.08). Simulations show an overlap between CBF values of WM and GM, which is eliminated when Contrast-to-Noise (CNR) is improved. The model provides a consistent description of tracer kinetics in all brain tissues, and an accurate assessment of perfusion and permeability in reference tissues. The measurement sequence requires optimization to improve CNR and the precision in the perfusion parameters. With this approach, DCE-MRI presents a promising alternative to DSC-MRI for quantitative bolustracking in the brain.

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Cerebral Blood Volume Maps with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted FLASH Imaging: Normal Values and Preliminary Clinical Results

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T₁ Method

A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T₁ Method

Comparison of cerebral blood volume maps generated fromT₂* andT₁weighted MRI data in intra-axial cerebral tumours

Quantification of cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and blood–brain‐barrier leakage with DCE‐MRI

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Cerebral Blood Volume Maps with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted FLASH Imaging: Normal Values and Preliminary Clinical Results

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T1 Method

A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T1 Method

Comparison of cerebral blood volume maps generated fromT2* andT1weighted MRI data in intra-axial cerebral tumours

Quantification of cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and blood–brain‐barrier leakage with DCE‐MRI

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A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T₁ Method

A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method for Mapping the Cerebral Blood Volume Fraction: The Rapid Steady-State T₁ Method

Comparison of cerebral blood volume maps generated fromT₂* andT₁weighted MRI data in intra-axial cerebral tumours