Cerebral coenurosis in a cat

Orioles, Massimo; Beltrán, Elsa; Stewart, Jennifer; Boufana, Belgees; Holloway, Andrew

doi:10.1136/vetreccr-2014-000124

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, complete cystic resorption is described here for the first time. During the quiescent phase of infection, neurological symptoms disappeared in all animals, while a silent, progressive enlargement of the cysts was highlighted in MRI by the absence of perilesional edema, hemorrhage, and peripheral enhancement [22]. At this stage, CSF cytological examination was also in the normal range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Clinical evolution of cerebral coenurosis from invasive to chronic infection in sheep and a goat

Evangelisti

Varcasia

Deiana

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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This survey describes the evolution in vivo of Coenurus cerebralis in small ruminants. At presentation, neurological signs and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features were suggestive of multifocal or diffuse inflammatory reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) captured the transition between the invasive and quiescent phase of the infection, revealing the concurrent presence of meningitis and small cysts. During the quiescent phase, in all animals, neurological symptoms disappeared, and cerebrospinal fluid was unremarkable while cysts grew progressively. Subsequently, the onset of neurological symptoms coincided with MRI signs of diffuse or localized increase of intracranial pressure, as confirmed by direct intracranial pressure measuring. All the animals had an excellent post-surgical recovery. This is the first report describing the evolution of coenurosis in vivo. Sequential imaging allowed describing interesting such as the death of some coenuri and different parasite growth rate in the same host.

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mentioning

confidence: 85%

Clinical evolution of cerebral coenurosis from invasive to chronic infection in sheep and a goat

Evangelisti

Varcasia

Deiana

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Therefore, the parasite may grow considerably causing deformation and/or deviation of intracranial structures before clinical signs appear. Silent, progressive enlargement of the cyst was highlighted by the absence of perilesional edema, hemorrhage, and peripheral enhancement and by several degrees of deviation and deformation of both the ventricular system and brain parenchyma . A further adaptation to parasite development is the increase in the volume of the calvarium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among neuroscore, magnetic resonance imaging features, and intracranial pressure in sheep affected by slow‐growing brain lesions

Evangelisti

Deiana

Melosu

et al. 2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Diagnosing high intracranial pressure by clinical and diagnostic imaging is particularly challenging for chronic or slow-growing lesions. The aim of this prospective case-control study is to determine whether the neuroscore and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are related to the direct measurement of intracranial pressure in sheep affected by intracranial slow-growing lesions due to chronic cerebral coenurosis (Coenurus cerebralis). Seventeen affected and 10 control sheep were included. All animals underwent a neurological examination, MRI of the brain, and direct measurement of intracranial pressure. The severity of clinical signs and MRI findings were scored. Data were statistically analyzed. The invasive intracranial pressure value was higher in affected animals. A severely altered neuroscore is related to an increased intracranial pressure beyond the normal threshold (P < 0.05). The volume of the calvarium was larger in affected animals than in control animals (P = 0.0001) and was positively influenced by the presence and volume of the parasitic cyst (r = 0.7881, P < 0.01). Several degrees of deviation and deformation of both the ventricular system and brain parenchyma were detected by MRI. Subjective MRI findings were not associated with intracranial hypertension. In conclusion, this study shows that in sheep affected by slow-growing lesions, severe alterations in the neuroscore and the results of objective MRI are related to an increased intracranial pressure beyond the normal threshold.

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“…Rare cases of coenurosis in cats caused by T. serialis , but not by T. multiceps have been reported (Hayes and Creighton, 1978; Huss et al, 1994; Orioles et al, 2014; Slocombe et al, 1989; Smith et al, 1988). Correspondingly, T. serialis -coenurosis represents a zoonosis with 11 case reports found in literature (Supplemental Table 1).…”

Section: Canid-transmitted Cysticercosis and Coenurosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife-transmitted Taenia and Versteria cysticercosis and coenurosis in humans and other primates

Deplazes

Eichenberger

Grimm

2019

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Wild mustelids and canids are definitive hosts of Taenia and Versteria spp. while rodents act as natural intermediate hosts. Rarely, larval stages of these parasites can cause serious zoonoses. In Europe, four cases of Taenia martis cysticercosis have been diagnosed in immunocompetent women, and two cases in zoo primates since 2013. In North America, a zoonotic genotype related but distinct from Versteria mustelae has been identified in 2014, which had caused a fatal infection in an orangutan and liver- and disseminated cysticercoses in two severely immune deficient human patients in 2018, respectively. Additionally, we could attribute a historic human case from the USA to this Versteria sp. by reanalysing a published nucleotide sequence. In the last decades, sporadic zoonotic infections by cysticerci of the canid tapeworm Taenia crassiceps have been described (4 in North America, 8 in Europe). Besides, 3 ocular cases from North America and one neural infection from Europe, all in immunocompetent patients, 6 cutaneous infections were described in severely immunocompromised European patients. Correspondingly, besides oral infections with taeniid eggs, accidental subcutaneous oncosphere establishment after egg-contamination of open wounds was suggested, especially in cases with a history of cutaneous injuries at the infection site. Taenia multiceps is mainly transmitted in a domestic cycle. Only five human coenurosis cases are published since 2000. In contrast, T. serialis coenurosis (1 human case since 2000) is primarily transmitted by wild canids. The etiological diagnosis of exotic cysticercoses is challenging. Usually, clinical material does not allow for a morphological identification, and serological tests are not available. These limitations have partly been overcome by molecular tools. Without claiming any dramatic emergence of cysticercoses and coenuroses transmitted by wild carnivores, further sporadic cases of such ‘exotic’ infections have to be expected.

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Cerebral coenurosis in a cat

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Clinical evolution of cerebral coenurosis from invasive to chronic infection in sheep and a goat

Clinical evolution of cerebral coenurosis from invasive to chronic infection in sheep and a goat

Relationships among neuroscore, magnetic resonance imaging features, and intracranial pressure in sheep affected by slow‐growing brain lesions

Wildlife-transmitted Taenia and Versteria cysticercosis and coenurosis in humans and other primates

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