Cerebral Cryptococcomas in a Cow

Magalhães, Geórgia Modé; Saut, João Paulo Elsen; Beninati, Tiziana; Medeiros, Alessandra Aparecida; Queiroz, Gustavo Rodrigues; Tsuruta, Suzana Akemi; Krockenberger, M. B.; Headley, Selwyn Arlington

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.01.001

Cited by 11 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The gross and histopathological findings observed in these dogs are consistent with previous descriptions of cryptococcosis in domestic animals [1,2,19,24]. The fungal budding as observed during this investigation is a typical diagnostic feature of the Cryptococcus complex of organisms [1,4,12,33], while the polysaccharide capsule as easily identified by the mucicarmine stain presents another important morphological characteristic of this pathogen [1,11,33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Consequently, the mucicarmine histochemical stain is recommended to identify the capsule and the yeast structures of Cryptococcus spp. and is the definite histopathological diagnostic method for cryptococcosis [11], since the fungal capsule remains unstained by the routine H&E histopathological method and the Groccott silver histochemical stain; similar findings were observed in bovine cerebral cryptococcosis [19]. However, mycological culture identified the intralesional organisms due to the characteristic blue reaction with the CBG agar as C. gattii [4,11,12,29], while molecular analysis characterized the isolate as C. gattii VGII genotype; similar results were described in dogs from Mato Grosso, Midwest Brazil [18], and other geographical locations [14,16,17,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Sequencing was not done during the molecular investigation of a goat diagnosed with concomitant cryptococcosis and Johne's disease [27], while fungal sequencing was not possible due to the prolonged fixation of the pathological sample in a case of cerebral cryptococcomas in a cow due to C. neoformans var. grubii [19]. This study presents the clinical, pathological, mycological, and molecular findings of cryptococcosis due to C. gattii in dogs from Southern Brazil and contributes to the understanding of the epidemiology associated with this important pathogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Conversely, human cryptococcosis is endemic with a distinct regionalized occurrence in Brazil; cases due to C. neoformans are widespread and occur throughout the entire country, while C. gattii-associated cryptococcosis is predominant within the northeastern region, with sporadic cases occurring in Southern Brazil [8]. Moreover, descriptions of cryptococcosis affecting domestic animals from Brazil are comparatively reduced when compared with human cryptococcosis [19]. Nevertheless, the disease has been reported in the dog [18,20,21], cat [18,22], horse [23], cow [19,24], sheep [25,26], and goat [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, descriptions of cryptococcosis affecting domestic animals from Brazil are comparatively reduced when compared with human cryptococcosis [19]. Nevertheless, the disease has been reported in the dog [18,20,21], cat [18,22], horse [23], cow [19,24], sheep [25,26], and goat [27]. However, most of these cases [20-23, 26, 28] were characterized due to the typical histopathological features of the fungus, while mycological culture [18,25], immunohistochemistry [19,24], and PCR identification [27] were used to confirm the histopathological findings of cryptococcosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptococcus gattii-Induced Infections in Dogs from Southern Brazil

et al. 2015

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Cryptococcus gattii-induced cryptococcosis is an emerging infectious disease of humans and animals worldwide, with rare descriptions of this infection in domestic animals from Brazil. This study presents the findings associated with C. gattii in dogs from Londrina, Paraná, Southern Brazil. Two dogs, a 3-year-old, female German shepherd and a 6-year-old, male Boxer, were evaluated by a combination of pathological, mycological, and molecular diagnostic techniques. Significant pathological alterations included cryptococcal lymphadenitis, meningoencephalitis, tonsillitis, and rhinitis with nasal cryptococcomas in the German shepherd dog, while cryptococcal lymphadenitis and pneumonia were observed in the Boxer; both dogs had pseudocystic cryptococcosis. The mucicarmine histochemical stain readily identified the intralesional cryptococcal budding organisms in all affected tissues. Mycological culture and isolation confirmed the yeasts as C. gattii due to positive reaction with the L-canavanine glycine bromothymol blue agar. A PCR assay using the internal transcribed spacers (ITS)1 and ITS2 primers, which target the ITS1 and 2 regions including the 5.8S rRNA gene, amplified the desired amplicons; direct sequencing confirmed the isolate as C. gattii. ITS nucleotide differentiation demonstrated that the isolate forms part of the ITS type 4 Cryptococcus organisms which corresponds to the C. gattii VGII molecular subtype or the RAPD type 2 Cryptococcus organisms. Collectively, these findings confirmed the participation of C. gattii in the etiopathogenesis of the lesions observed in these dogs and expanded the epidemiological niche of this important mycotic agent to include Southern Brazil. It is noteworthy to mention that previous epidemiological studies have suggested that C. gattii-induced cryptococcosis is more frequently diagnosed in Northern relative to Southern Brazil, so these findings might suggest an expansion of the distribution of this agent within continental Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptococcus gattii-Induced Infections in Dogs from Southern Brazil

et al. 2015

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Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii-Induced Arthritis with Encephalitic Dissemination in a Dog and Review of Published Literature

et al. 2016

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This article describes the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical findings associated with Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii in a 4-year-old female Boxer dog from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. Clinically, there was a swelling at the right metatarsal region and the hock joint with enlargement of regional lymph nodes. Radiographical evaluation revealed lysis of the tarsal bone; cytology demonstrated cryptococcal intralesional organisms at the swollen joint. Despite empirical antifungals therapeutic, the animal developed neurological cryptococcosis and died spontaneously. Significant pathological alterations included arthritis, lymphadenitis, and encephalitic cryptococcomas associated with numerous intralesional narrow-necked budding encapsulated yeasts. Immunohistochemistry utilising monoclonal antibodies that label C. neoformans sp. complex capsule, characterised the yeasts as C. neoformans var. grubii. Collectively, the pathological and immunohistochemical findings of this dog indicate that the intralesional organisms observed within the articular surface of the hock joint, lymph nodes, and the brain were C. neoformans var. grubii, confirming the participation of this fungal pathogen in the development of cryptococcal arthritis. In this case, the most likely pathogenesis was percutaneous inoculation with resultant abscess-like lesion, which resulted in the draining sinus, swelling of the right hind limb with progression to the articular disease. Thereafter, the fungal pathogen probably compromised the adjacent lymph nodes with subsequent haematogenous distribution to the brain, terminating with cryptococcal arthritis, lymphadenitis, and encephalitis.

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Systemic and Multi-Organ Diseases

2017

Veterinary Medicine

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Cerebral Cryptococcomas in a Cow

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Cryptococcus gattii-Induced Infections in Dogs from Southern Brazil

Cryptococcus gattii-Induced Infections in Dogs from Southern Brazil

Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii-Induced Arthritis with Encephalitic Dissemination in a Dog and Review of Published Literature

Systemic and Multi-Organ Diseases

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