Cerebral functional, metabolic and circulatory effects of intravenous infusion of adrenaline in the rat

Dahlgren, Nils; Rosén, I; Sakabe, Takefumi; Siesjö, Bo K.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)90593-4

Cited by 52 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Despite the limited access of epinephrine to the central circulation, exogenous peripheral administration of this hormone modulates several functions in the brain that regulate arousal, cerebral auditory evoked responses, attention, cortical information processing and memory storage (Berntson et al, 2003; Dahlgren et al, 1980; Elwood et al, 1986; Gold and van Buskirk, 1978; Introini-Collison et al, 1992; Williams et al, 1998). Reports from anatomical, electrophysiological and pharmacological experiments suggest that epinephrine's actions on memory and in potentiating norepinephrine output in the amygdala may be initiated by the activation of peripheral vagal fibers that project to the brain.…”

Section: Pathways For Conveying Effects Of Arousal Hormones On Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Interacting brain systems modulate memory consolidation

McIntyre

McGaugh

Williams

2012

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

191

135

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Emotional arousal influences the consolidation of long-term memory. This review discusses experimental approaches and relevant findings that provide the foundation for current understanding of coordinated interactions between arousal activated peripheral hormones and the brain processes that modulate memory formation. Rewarding or aversive experiences release the stress hormones epinephrine (adrenalin) and glucocorticoids from the adrenal glands into the bloodstream. The effect of these hormones on memory consolidation depends upon binding of norepinephrine to beta-adrenergic receptors in the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA). Much evidence indicates that the stress hormones influence release of norepinephrine in the BLA through peripheral actions on the vagus nerve which stimulates, through polysynaptic connections, cells of the locus coeruleus to release norepinephrine. The BLA influences memory storage by actions on synapses, distributed throughout the brain, that are engaged in sensory and cognitive processing at the time of amygdala activation. The implications of the activation of these stress-activated memory processes are discussed in relation to stress-related memory disorders.

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Section: Pathways For Conveying Effects Of Arousal Hormones On Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Interacting brain systems modulate memory consolidation

McIntyre

McGaugh

Williams

2012

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

191

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Adrenaline is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is the main peripheral product of the sympathetic pathway influencing several central functions such as memory retention, consolidation and information processing (Gold and Van Buskirk, 1975; Dahlgren et al, 1980; Berntson et al, 2003). During or following learning, the increase in GCs or adrenaline concentration by drugs and other treatments enhance memory in rodents and human subjects (Gold and Van Buskirk, 1978; Williams and McGaugh, 1993; Cahill and Alkire, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-test metyrapone impairs memory recall in fear conditioning tasks: lack of interaction with β-adrenergic activity

Careaga

Tiba

Ota

et al. 2015

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Cognitive processes, such as learning and memory, are essential for our adaptation to environmental changes and consequently for survival. Numerous studies indicate that hormones secreted during stressful situations, such as glucocorticoids (GCs), adrenaline and noradrenaline, regulate memory functions, modulating aversive memory consolidation and retrieval, in an interactive and complementary way. Thus, the facilitatory effects of GCs on memory consolidation as well as their suppressive effects on retrieval are substantially explained by this interaction. On the other hand, low levels of GCs are also associated with negative effects on memory consolidation and retrieval and the mechanisms involved are not well understood. The present study sought to investigate the consequences of blocking the rise of GCs on fear memory retrieval in multiple tests, assessing the participation of β-adrenergic signaling on this effect. Metyrapone (GCs synthesis inhibitor; 75 mg/kg), administered 90 min before the first test of contextual or tone fear conditioning (TFC), negatively affected animals’ performances, but this effect did not persist on a subsequent test, when the conditioned response was again expressed. This result suggested that the treatment impaired fear memory retrieval during the first evaluation. The administration immediately after the first test did not affect the animals’ performances in contextual fear conditioning (CFC), suggesting that the drug did not interfere with processes triggered by memory reactivation. Moreover, metyrapone effects were independent of β-adrenergic signaling, since concurrent administration with propranolol (2 mg/kg), a β-adrenergic antagonist, did not modify the effects induced by metyrapone alone. These results demonstrate that pre-test metyrapone administration led to negative effects on fear memory retrieval and this action was independent of a β-adrenergic signaling.

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“…Adrenaline, especially in high and repeated doses, has potential adverse effects including (1) prolonged hypertension and tachycardia [35,36], (2) impairment of the blood brain barrier [37], (3) increased myocardial oxygen demand and oxidative stress [38] with negative post-resuscitation effects on cardiac function [34,39], and (4) myocardial ischemia and necrosis [40]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence on Adrenaline Use in Resuscitation and Its Relevance to Newborn Infants: A Non-Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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Aim: Guidelines for newborn resuscitation state that if the heart rate does not increase despite adequate ventilation and chest compressions, adrenaline administration should be considered. However, controversy exists around the safety and effectiveness of adrenaline in newborn resuscitation. The aim of this review was to summarise a selection of the current knowledge about adrenaline during resuscitation and evaluate its relevance to newborn infants. Methods: A search in PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar until September 1, 2015, using search terms including adrenaline/epinephrine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, death, severe brain injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and adrenaline versus vasopressin/placebo. Results: Adult data indicate that adrenaline improves the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) but not survival to hospital discharge. Newborn animal studies reported that adrenaline might be needed to achieve ROSC. Intravenous administration (10-30 μg/kg) is recommended; however, if there is no intravenous access, a higher endotracheal dose (50-100 μg/kg) is needed. The safety and effectiveness of intraosseous adrenaline remain undetermined. Early and frequent dosing does not seem to be beneficial. In fact, negative hemodynamic effects have been observed, especially with doses ≥30 μg/kg intravenously. Little is known about adrenaline in birth asphyxia and in preterm infants, but observations indicate that hemodynamics and neurological outcomes may be impaired by adrenaline administration in these conditions. However, a causal relationship between adrenaline administration and outcomes cannot be established from the few available retrospective studies. Alternative vasoconstrictors have been investigated, but the evidence is scarce. Conclusion: More research is needed on the benefits and risks of adrenaline in asphyxia-induced bradycardia or cardiac arrest during perinatal transition.

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Cerebral functional, metabolic and circulatory effects of intravenous infusion of adrenaline in the rat

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Interacting brain systems modulate memory consolidation

Interacting brain systems modulate memory consolidation

Pre-test metyrapone impairs memory recall in fear conditioning tasks: lack of interaction with β-adrenergic activity

Evidence on Adrenaline Use in Resuscitation and Its Relevance to Newborn Infants: A Non-Systematic Review

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