Cerebral malaria in a man with <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> mono-infection: a case report

Gupta, Himanshu; Dhunputh, Pushwinder; Bhatt, Ankita N; Satyamoorthy, Kapaettu; Umakanth, Shashikiran

doi:10.1177/0049475515624857

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Remarkably, about one in five malaria-associated deaths reported in that state has been attributed to Pv [ 12 , 13 ]. This is in line with the mounting evidence for the ability of Pv to induce a wide spectrum of severe malaria, with a risk of death similar to that observed for Pf infection [ 3 , 7 , 8 , 10 , 11 ]. Pv invades primarily reticulocytes and uses the Duffy antigens expressed on the red blood cells as a receptor [ 3 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…However, Pvhas now become the predominant cause of malaria outside sub-Saharan Africa and is considered a key obstacle to malaria elimination [4]. This is particularly relevant in India, which remains the largest contributor to Pv burden globally [5,6], and where there has been an increase in reports supporting the capacity of Pv to induce severe and potentially fatal malaria in recent years [7][8][9][10][11]. This may be attributed to a combination of several factors, including historical underreporting, improved diagnostic granularity, and the availability of molecular tools to accurately differentiate parasite species and potential coinfections, or drug resistance emergence [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical and epidemiological characterization of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria in Gujarat, India

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mounting evidence supporting the capacity of Plasmodium vivax to cause severe disease has prompted the need for a better characterization of the resulting clinical complications. India is making progress with reducing malaria, but epidemics of severe vivax malaria in Gujarat, one of the main contributors to the vivax malaria burden in the country, have been reported recently and may be the result of a decrease in transmission and immune development. Over a period of one year, we enrolled severe malaria patients admitted at the Civil Hospital in Ahmedabad, the largest city in Gujarat, to investigate the morbidity of severe vivax malaria compared to severe falciparum malaria. Patients were submitted to standard thorough clinical and laboratory investigations and only PCR-confirmed infections were selected for the present study. Severevivax malaria (30 patients) was more frequent than severe falciparum malaria (8 patients) in our setting, and it predominantly affected adults (median age 32 years, interquartile range 22.5 years). This suggests a potential age shift in anti-malarial immunity, likely to result from the recent decrease in transmission across India. The clinical presentation of severe vivax patients was in line with previous reports, with jaundice as the most common complication. Our findings further support the need for epidemiological studies combining clinical characterization of severe vivax malaria and serological evaluation of exposure markers to monitor the impact of elimination programmes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and epidemiological characterization of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria in Gujarat, India

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides, the rigidity of P. vivax rosettes also increases (94). However, P. vivax -related cerebral malaria cases are not as common, with majority of such cases being reported from India (184–190), suggesting involvement of the human host-derived factors in this relatively geography-restricted pathology. Importantly, the endothelial cytoadhesion phenomenon by P. vivax IRBCs has been demonstrated, which is of similar binding strength but ten times lower in frequency than that of P. falciparum IRBCs (191).…”

Section: P Falciparum Rosetting and Severe Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Sticking for a Cause: The Falciparum Malaria Parasites Cytoadherence Paradigm

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After a successful invasion, malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum extensively remodels the infected erythrocyte cellular architecture, conferring cytoadhesive properties to the infected erythrocytes. Cytoadherence plays a central role in the parasite's immune-escape mechanism, at the same time contributing to the pathogenesis of severe falciparum malaria. In this review, we discuss the cytoadhesive interactions between P. falciparum infected erythrocytes and various host cell types, and how these events are linked to malaria pathogenesis. We also highlight the limitations faced by studies attempting to correlate diversity in parasite ligands and host receptors with the development of severe malaria.

show abstract

“…Plasmodium vivax , the most broadly distributed source of severe malarial morbidity and mortality, puts almost 40% of the world population at risk ( Naing et al., 2014 ; Rahimi et al., 2014 ; WHO, 2020 ), resulting in cases that can be life threatening ( Gupta et al., 2015 ; Gupta et al., 2016 ). Data from 2017 shows that about 3.3 billion people live in the P. vivax transmission areas, and about 1.5 billion people are at risk of exposure in foci of stable transmission ( Battle et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism of Antifolate Drug Resistance in Plasmodium vivax From Local Residents and Migrant Workers Returned From the China-Myanmar Border

Zeng

Wang

Shi

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drug-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria impedes efforts to control, eliminate, and ultimately eradicate malaria in Southeast Asia. P. vivax resistance to antifolate drugs derives from point mutations in specific parasite genes, including the dihydropteroate synthase (pvdhps), dihydrofolate reductase (pvdhfr), and GTP cyclohydrolase I (pvgch1) genes. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and spread of drug resistance markers in P. vivax populating the China-Myanmar border. Blood samples were collected from symptomatic patients with acute P. vivax infection. Samples with single-clone P. vivax infections were sequenced for pvdhps and pvdhfr genes and genotyped for 6 flanking microsatellite markers. Copy number variation in the pvgch1 gene was also examined. Polymorphisms were observed in six different codons of the pvdhps gene (382, 383, 512, 549, 553, and 571) and six different codons of the pvdhfr gene (13, 57, 58, 61, 99, 117) in two study sites. The quadruple mutant haplotypes 57I/L/58R/61M/117T of pvdhfr gene were the most common (comprising 76% of cases in Myitsone and 43.7% of case in Laiza). The double mutant haplotype 383G/553G of pvdhps gene was also prevalent at each site (40.8% and 31%). Microsatellites flanking the pvdhfr gene differentiated clinical samples from wild type and quadruple mutant genotypes (FST= 0.259-0.3036), as would be expected for a locus undergoing positive selection. The lack of copy number variation of pvgch1 suggests that SP-resistant P. vivax may harbor alternative mechanisms to secure sufficient folate.

show abstract

Cerebral malaria in a man with Plasmodium vivax mono-infection: a case report

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Clinical and epidemiological characterization of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria in Gujarat, India

Clinical and epidemiological characterization of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria in Gujarat, India

Sticking for a Cause: The Falciparum Malaria Parasites Cytoadherence Paradigm

Polymorphism of Antifolate Drug Resistance in Plasmodium vivax From Local Residents and Migrant Workers Returned From the China-Myanmar Border

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About