Cerebral microbleeds and cognition in cerebrovascular disease: An update

Charidimou, Andreas; Werring, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.05.052

Cited by 86 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the IAGESReykjavik study, multiple deep MBs were related to impairment of processing speed and executive function [31]. All these data indicate that MBs are related to executive dysfunction, the deterioration of psychomotor speed, and attention deficit [1]. The present study further confirmed a positive correlation between the number of MBs and frontal lobe dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…All diagnoses were based on pre-established criteria: For AD, fulfilling the criteria for probable AD of the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke/Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) [16]; for vascular dementia (VaD), fulfilling the criteria for probable VaD of the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke/Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences (NINDS-AIREN) [17]; for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), fulfilling the general criteria of the International Working Group on MCI [18]; for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), fulfilling the clinical criteria of the consortium on DLB [19]; for frontotemporal lobar degeneration, fulfilling the Lund-Manchester criteria for behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, or progressive nonfluent aphasia [20]; for CAA, represented by Charidimou [1]; and for AD with cerebrovascular disease by Bruandet [21].…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main pathological features of small vessel disease (SVD) contain microbleeds (MBs), lacunar infarctions, white matter lesions (leukoaraiosis), and cortical microinfarcts (CMIs) [1]. These MBs are characterized by small (less than 5 or 10 mm in diameter), homogeneous, and round foci of low signal intensity [2] and are distributed in the lobar (cortical and subcortical region) region or alternatively, the deep/infratentorial region including the basal ganglia, thalamus, and infratentorial structures [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neuropsychological Features of Microbleeds and Cortical Microinfarct Detected by High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ueda

Satoh

Tabei

et al. 2016

JAD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.Background: Lobar microbleeds (MBs) and cortical microinfarct (CMI) are caused by cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the elderly and increase in number in Alzheimer's disease. Objective: The aim of this study is to elucidate the effects of lobar MBs and CMIs on cognitive function. Methods: The subjects were outpatients who visited the memory clinic of Mie University Hospital. Among 120 subjects, 109 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We quantitatively estimated MBs and CMIs using double inversion recovery and 3D FLAIR images of 3T MRI. Neuropsychological assessments included intellectual, memory, constructional, and frontal lobe function. Results: Of the 109 patients, MBs and CMIs were observed in 68 (62%) and 17 (16%) subjects, respectively. Of the 68 patients with MBs, lobar MBs were found in 28, deep MBs in 8 and mixed MBs in 31. In each age group, the number of MBs increased in patients with CMI (CMI+ group) than those without CMI (CMI-group), and MBs and CMIs additively decreased MMSE scores. In psychological screens, the MBs+ group with more than 10 MBs showed significantly lower scores of category-and letter-WF than MB-group. The CMI+ group showed significantly worse scores than CMI-group in Japanese Raven's coloured progressive matrices, Trail Making Test-A, category-and letter-word fluency and copy and drawing of figures. Conclusion: Lobar MBs and CMIs in the elderly frequently coexisted with each other and additively contributed to cognitive impairment, which is mainly predisposed to frontal lobe function.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neuropsychological Features of Microbleeds and Cortical Microinfarct Detected by High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ueda

Satoh

Tabei

et al. 2016

JAD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cortical microbleeds are often associated with CAA, whereas subcortical ones are mainly related to SVD or embolies, but both subcortical SVD and CAA interact to increase the risk or lobar CMBs [35]. They are associated with cognitive decline [36], although their mechanisms and their interaction with cognitive impairment remain uncertain [26]. Brains without signifi cant AD pathology showed more severe lacunes and microinfarcts than subjects with large infarcts and those without dementia [37].…”

Section: Small Vessel Disease (Svd)/microangiopathic Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Pathogenetic Concepts of Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Jellinger¹

2016

J Neurol Neurol Sci Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The term vascular cognitive impairment designates a heterogenous group of disorders ranging from mild cognitive impairment to full-blown dementia -vascular dementia -resulting from cerebrovascular lesions involving various brain areas. Current clinical criteria show moderate sensitivity (50-56%) and variable specifi city (range 64-98%). The prevalence in autopsy series ranges from 0.03 to 58% (mean 8-15% in Western series, 22-35% in Japan). Major morphological types -multi-infarct and subcortical vascular encephalopathy, strategic infarct dementia, lacunar state, cortical granular atrophy (rare), and ischemic encephalopathy -are caused by atherosclerosis of major cerebral arteries and small vessel disease, resulting from systemic, cardiac and local vascular disease or cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Pathogenesis of vascular dementia is multifactorial, and pathophysiology affects brain areas and neurological networks involved in cognition, memory, behavior, and executive functions. Vascular brain injury in elderly persons often coexists with Alzheimer-type lesions and other pathologies resulting in mixed dementia. However, these lesions are also present in many non-demented elderly subjects. The heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, cerebrovascular pathology and their pathogenic factors result in limitations of the accuracy of diagnostic criteria for vascular dementia. Therefore, standardized and reproducible neuropathological criteria for the assessment of cerebrovascular lesions associated with cognitive impairment in order to elucidate contribution of cerebrovascular disease to cognitive impairment are urgently needed.

show abstract

“…MRI features include lobar cerebral microbleeds (best observed using iron sensitive sequences), leukoaraiosis, convexity subarachnoid haemorrhage, cortical superficial siderosis, and silent acute ischemic lesions, leading to the development of clinical (Boston) criteria for in vivo diagnosis. 2 CAA can present with intracranial haemorrhage, transient neurological episode (amyloid spells), rapidly progressive cognitive and neurological decline reflecting CAA related neuroinflammation, as well as more insidious cognitive impairment 3 . There is considerable evidence that Alzheimer's disease (AD) and CAA are mechanistically linked: 95% of pathology proven AD have a degree of CAA pathology 4 , ApoE4 is a risk factor for both AD and CAA 5 and 23% of patients with sporadic AD have imaging features of CAA 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%