Cerebral Vasospasm after Head Injury

Objective: To define risk factors affecting the outcome in traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Material and Methods: Forty-four patients with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage were evaluated retrospectively. They were divided into three groups according to their age: elderly (≥65 years), adult (16-64 years), and children (<16 years). The clinical picture on admission was evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Scale. The patients were also divided into three groups according to their coma grading on admission: mild injury (Glasgow Coma Scale score 13-15), moderate injury (8-12), and severe injury (3-7). The amount of subarachnoid blood shown in computerized tomography was evaluated according to the Fisher index, and additional tomography findings were recorded. At last follow-up, presence of headache and neurological deficits as well as return to work or school were investigated, and the last clinical picture was evaluated with the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Results: There were 11 children, 23 adults and 10 elderly patients. Twelve patients died between 1-49 days after trauma; the others were followed for a mean of 14.6 months (from 10 to 30 months). In the children group, Glasgow Coma Scale score was significantly higher (p=0.004), subarachnoid blood amount was significantly lesser, and Glasgow Outcome Scale score was significantly better compared to the other groups. For all groups, higher trauma severity on admission was associated with higher Fisher index (p=0.016). Most important factors affecting clinical results were severity of head injury on admission (p=0.0001), Fisher index (p=0.003), and presence of additional findings on computerized tomography (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage usually has a good clinical outcome in children; however, in elderly patients, the outcome is worse, and there are usually additional intracranial traumatic lesions. Most important factors affecting outcome are blood amount on first computerized tomography, head trauma severity, and presence of additional intracranial traumatic lesions.

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“…Nevertheless, it is known that posttraumatic vasospasm may cause ischemic deficits (24). In our study, it was found, contrary …”

Section: European Head Injury Studies (Hit I and Ii) And The Americancontrasting

confidence: 64%

Factors affecting the outcome in traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage

Güzey¹,

Eren²,

Alataş³

et al. 2016

Bagcilar Medical Bulletin

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“…Intracranial arterial vasospasm in association with T-SAH is another mechanism of PTCI. Posttraumatic angiographic vasospasm occurs with an incidence ranging from 2% to 41% 19) . We did not perform angiography; therefore, we cannot determine the role of vasospasm in our series.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…nisms have been suspected for this complication, including cerebral vasospasm, vascular injury, embolization, and systemic hypoperfusion 8,10,13,17,19,21,22,24,26,27) . Malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction in a cerebral infarction in MCA territory was first described by Hacke 4) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Traumatic Cerebral Infarction : Outcome after Decompressive Hemicraniectomy for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury

Ham

Lee

Jang

et al. 2011

J Korean Neurosurg Soc

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“…Mortality in neurotrauma patients with complicating PTCI was compared with that in the general trauma population admitted during the same period without PTCI ( subdural hematoma (arrowheads) and cortical hem- [8,9]. Spasm is most prominent in the intradural portion of the distal internal carotid artery [6,9].…”

Section: Mortality Of Patients With Ptci Vs General Trauma Admissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%