In this study, we investigated the prevalence of
Bartonella
in deer from Qilian County, Qinghai Province, China. Blood samples were collected from 69 red deer, 40 white-lipped deer, and 27 sika deer. The detection of
Bartonella
spp. has been conducted. The overall prevalence of
Bartonella
was 33.6% (46/135). Species-specific prevalence was 50.72% in red deer (35/69), 20.00% in white-lipped deer (8/40), and 11.11% in sika deer (3/27). There were significant differences in the prevalence rates among the different species of deer. The amplicon sequence comparison revealed a high homology of the ruminant-associated
Bartonella
spp. Nanopore sequencing further confirmed the results.
Bartonella
reads were presented in each of the qPCR-positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the
Bartonella
sequences detected in deer blood were closely related to ruminant-borne
Bartonella
spp. In summary, we reported the
Bartonella
prevalence of different deer species in Qinghai, and there were at least one species of ruminant-associated
Bartonella
,
B. schoenbuchensis
.
IMPORTANCE
This is the first report about
Bartonella
infections in the deer population from China. We found that there were two species of
Bartonella
and an unidentified species of
Bartonella
among the unculturing strains carried by these deer populations. We first used Nanopore sequencing to detect
Bartonella
from deer blood samples and indicated that Nanopore sequencing is beneficial to detect pathogens due to its advantage of real-time and high sensitivity.