Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in infancy and childhood: role of genetic and acquired risk factors of thrombophilia

Abstract

Our data suggest that additional contributing factors may promote manifestation of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in infants and children with an inherited prothrombotic state. Further prospective studies are required to evaluate their potential role as "triggering" agents.

Prenatal diagnosis of thrombosis of the dural sinuses with real‐time and color Doppler ultrasound

“…Early reports emphasized an association with trauma and underlying systemic conditions such as sepsis, meningitis and dehydration 1,6 . More recent studies have also focused upon hypercoagulopathy caused by polycythemia 7,8 or deficiency of physiological anticoagulants (antithrombin, protein C or protein S, factor V Leiden mutation) 9,10 . Prematurity and perinatal asphyxia are considered predisposing factors 1,10,11 .…”

“…More recent studies have also focused upon hypercoagulopathy caused by polycythemia 7,8 or deficiency of physiological anticoagulants (antithrombin, protein C or protein S, factor V Leiden mutation) 9,10 . Prematurity and perinatal asphyxia are considered predisposing factors 1,10,11 . A possible role of maternal pre-eclampsia has also been suggested 1 .…”

Venous Thromboembolism in Children

“…19 Two small cohort studies describe the incidence of antithrombin III deficiency as 1% to 3%. 20,21 The role of other potentially thrombophilic conditions, such as hyperhomocysteinemia and high levels of factors VII, VIII, IX, XI, and lipoprotein(a), has not been established in the pediatric population.…”

Factor V Leiden mutation: a contributory factor for cerebral palsy?

“…It is known that children with ischaemic strokes (Zenz et al 1998) or thrombo-embolism (Vielhaber et al 1998) have a high prevalence of the fVL mutation. There have also been more recent studies implicating coagulation disorders in neonatal cerebral infarction (Gunther et al 2000).…”