Cerebral Venous Thrombosis as a Complication of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

Srivastava, MV Padma; Agarwal, Ayush; Murali, Suhas; Warrier, Anand R; A, Thomas; Antil, Yamini; Chadha, Aanchal; Vishnu, VenugopalanY; Garg, Ajay

doi:10.4103/aian.aian_996_21

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A hypercoagulable state secondary to severe malaria is thought to have been the cause of this rare and potentially fatal complication. 4 In addition, there were additional case reports of cerebral venous thrombosis in patients with P. vivax malaria among patients from India 5 and there was a case report of sagittal sinus thrombosis associated with severe P. vivax malaria in a patient from Columbia. 6 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypercoagulable states due to malaria usually occur in the microvasculature. However, there are several cases of intracranial venous thrombosis due to Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria [4][5][6] and there was also one case report of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) due to P. falciparum. 7 To the best of our knowledge, there have not been case reports of P. vivax malaria associated with PTE; however, P. vivax has been reported to cause acute lung injury and other serious complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary thromboembolism as a rare complication of Plasmodium vivax malaria: A case report

Solela,

Daba,

Getahun

et al. 2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Key Clinical MessageLow threshold is required to suspect complications of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Pulmonary thromboembolism, though rare, should be considered as its complication in the presence of unexplained and sudden onset shortness of breath.AbstractThe hypercoagulable complications of malaria typically manifest in the microvasculature. However, there are several cases of intracranial venous thrombosis caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria, and there was one case report of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) due to P. falciparum. A 30‐year‐old Ethiopian male patient presented with sudden onset of shortness of breath for 3 days. He had also high‐grade fever, chills, and rigors associated with loss of appetite and fatigue of similar duration. He was from malaria endemic area. He had a pulse rate of 108 beats per minutes, respiratory rate of 32 breaths per minute, oxygen saturation of 82% with atmospheric air and temperature of 38.9°C. Further examination revealed accentuation of pulmonary component of second heart sound. Complete blood count revealed mild anemia and peripheral blood film showed trophozoites of P. vivax. Pulmonary CT angiography showed filling defects in the right and left pulmonary arteries. The patient was diagnosed to have P. vivax malaria complicated by PTE. He was managed with intranasal oxygen, antimalarial agent, and anticoagulation. Upon serial evaluations on the third week and second month of follow up, he did not have complaints and physical examination was non‐remarkable. Malaria is a protozoan disease with high mortality and morbidity. For a long time, severe cases of malaria were thought to be mostly caused by P. falciparum. However, recent evidences have shown a paradigm shift and we should remember that P. vivax can also cause severe malaria and this can be complicated by hypercoagulable conditions including PTE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pulmonary thromboembolism as a rare complication of Plasmodium vivax malaria: A case report

Solela,

Daba,

Getahun

et al. 2023

Clinical Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A hypercoagulable state secondary to severe malaria is thought to have been the cause of this rare and potentially fatal complication [4]. In addition, there were additional case reports of cerebral venous thrombosis in patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria among patients from India [5] and there was a case report sagittal sinus thrombosis associated with severe Plasmodium vivax in a patient from from Columba [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypercoagulable complications of malaria usually occur in the microvasculature. However, there are several cases of intracranial venous thrombosis due to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria [4][5][6] and there was also one case report of pulmonary thromboembolism due to Plasmodium falciparum [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Association of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria with Pulmonary Thromboembolism: A Case Report

Solela,

Daba,

Geahun

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction:The hypercoagulable complications of malaria typically manifest in the microvasculature. However, there are several cases of intracranial venous thrombosis caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria and there was one case report of pulmonary thromboembolism due to Plasmodium falciparum. To the best of our knowledge, there have not been case reports of plasmodium vivax associated with pulmonary thromboembolism.Case Presentation: A 30-year-old Ethiopian male patient presented with sudden onset shortness of breath of 3 days duration. He had also high grade fever, chills and rigors associated with loss of appetite and fatigue of similar duration. He was from malaria endemic area. He had a pulse rate of 108 beats per minutes, respiratory rate of 32 breaths per minute, oxygen saturation of 82% with atmospheric air and temperature of 38.9 degree Celsius. Further examination revealed accentuation of pulmonary component of second heart sound. Complete blood count revealed mild anemia and peripheral blood film showed trophozoites of Plasmodium vivax. Pulmonary CT angiography showed filling defects on the right and left pulmonary arteries. The patient was diagnosed to have plasmodium vivax malaria complicated with pulmonary thromboembolism. He was managed with intranasal oxygen, antimalarial agent and anticoagulation. Upon serial evaluations on the 3 rd week and 2 nd month of follow up, he did not have complaints and physical examination was non-remarkable. Conclusion:Malaria is a protozoan disease with high mortality and morbidity. For a long time, severe cases of malaria were thought to be mostly caused by Plasmodium falciparum. However, recent evidences have shown a paradigm shift and we should remember that Plasmodium vivax can also cause severe malaria and this can be complicated by hypercoagulable conditions.

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Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Current Updates in the Asian Context

Miraclin T,

Bal,

Sebastian

et al. 2024

Cerebrovasc Dis Extra

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Background Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) is a life-threatening cause of stroke in Asian countries. South Asia, comprising of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh and contributed to 40% of strokes in women. Major CVT registries are from the western nations, which differs from the Asian countries with respect to epidemiology, gender biases and risk factors. This review focusses on the various aspects of relevance in evaluation and management of patients with CVT in the Asian context. Summary The incidence of CVT is higher in Asia than in Western nations. Young age, female gender, especially in pregnancy and puerperal period, and dehydration appear to be the critical risk factors. Tropical infections like malaria, scrub typhus, and flaviviral encephalitis predispose to CVT. There is a higher prevalence of inherited thrombophilia in the Asian cohorts, contributing to prothrombotic states. Anticoagulation and supportive management offer excellent outcomes. Newer anticoagulants are safe and efficacious. In medically refractory cases, endovascular treatment offers modest benefits. Decompressive hemicraniectomy, when done early, offers mortality benefits in patients with large hemorrhagic venous infarctions. Key messages CVT is an important cause of stroke with high-burden in South Asian countries. Establishment of robust registries is the need of the hour; to study the natural history, course and outcomes and to develop management algorithms tailored to the available resources.

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Cerebral Venous Thrombosis as a Complication of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Pulmonary thromboembolism as a rare complication of Plasmodium vivax malaria: A case report

Pulmonary thromboembolism as a rare complication of Plasmodium vivax malaria: A case report

Rare Association of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria with Pulmonary Thromboembolism: A Case Report

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Current Updates in the Asian Context

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