2010
DOI: 10.1089/neu.2009.1080
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Cerebrospinal Fluid Inflammatory Cytokines and Biomarkers of Injury Severity in Acute Human Spinal Cord Injury

Abstract: There is an urgent need for both the scientific development and clinical validation of novel therapies for acute spinal cord injury (SCI). The scientific development of novel therapies would be facilitated by a better understanding of the acute pathophysiology of human SCI. Clinical validation of such therapies would be facilitated by the availability of biomarkers with which to stratify injury severity and predict neurological recovery. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained over a period of 72 h in … Show more

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Cited by 261 publications
(222 citation statements)
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“…With the small number of patients in each AIS grade (A (n ¼ 7), B (n ¼ 2), C (n ¼ 4) and D (n ¼ 3)) and the different time points of CSF collection (ranging from 3 to 24 h post injury), there were no significant differences between each AIS grade for any of the proteins tested. This was in contrast to the single-center study of Kwon et al 9 in which there were significant differences between AIS grades in the 24 h post-injury CSF concentrations for a number of different markers, including tau, S100b, GFAP, IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1. In our current study, when stratifying patients as motor complete (AIS A þ B) versus motor incomplete (AIS C þ D), there were significant differences in CSF concentrations of NSE, S100b and NFH.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 98%
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“…With the small number of patients in each AIS grade (A (n ¼ 7), B (n ¼ 2), C (n ¼ 4) and D (n ¼ 3)) and the different time points of CSF collection (ranging from 3 to 24 h post injury), there were no significant differences between each AIS grade for any of the proteins tested. This was in contrast to the single-center study of Kwon et al 9 in which there were significant differences between AIS grades in the 24 h post-injury CSF concentrations for a number of different markers, including tau, S100b, GFAP, IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1. In our current study, when stratifying patients as motor complete (AIS A þ B) versus motor incomplete (AIS C þ D), there were significant differences in CSF concentrations of NSE, S100b and NFH.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 98%
“…Aside from the small numbers of patients, a possible explanation for the variability in CSF concentrations and the inability to distinguish different injury severities was the variability with which the CSF was collected in this particularly study-ranging from 3 h to 24 h post injury, with the mean time of injury to CSF sampling of 14 h. Given the complex and dynamic pathology of SCI, it can be expected that the levels of SCI biomarkers evident within the CSF will be time dependent 26 as shown previously by Kwon et al 9 For instance, S-100b and NSE reach peak levels at 6 h post injury and are not detectable after 24 h in rats. 10,27 This has also been identified in patients at risk of an ischemic SCI during endovascular stent grafting where S-100b concentrations peak at 6 h post injury.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 70%
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