Cerebrospinal Fluid Interleukins, Immunoglobulins, and Fibronectin in Neuroborreliosis

Weller, Michael; Stevens, Andreas; Sommer, Norbert; Wiethölter, H.; Dichgans, J.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1991.00530200079022

Cited by 51 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Recent studies demonstrated cellular infiltrates of activated T and B cells in the CSF of patients with acute B. burgdorferi infection [13]. Furthermore, neopterine, interleukin (IL)-6, and matrix-metalloproteinases were detected at higher concentrations in the CSF of patients with neuroborreliosis than in the CSF of control subjects, which implies that a role exists for those molecules in the host response against infection [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Although B. burgdorferi-specific T cells seem to be present in the CNS of the patients, little is still known about the nature of the T cell response in patients with acute neuroborreliosis [20,21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8⁺T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis

Jacobsen¹,

Zhou²,

Cepok³

et al. 2003

J INFECT DIS

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Borrelia burgdorferi may cause an acute infection of the central nervous system (CNS) that rarely leads to chronic disease. To characterize host immunity to B. burgdorferi in humans, we performed serial T cell receptor (TCR) variable beta (TCRBV) chain analyses in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 10 patients with acute neuroborreliosis. In most patients, we found significant differences in TCRBV expression between CSF and peripheral blood T cells, predominantly involving CD8(+) T cells. T cells that accumulated in the CSF had a memory phenotype and expressed high levels of C-C chemokine receptor 5 and CD69. Serial studies demonstrated that CD8(+) T cell accumulation decreased continuously after resolution of the infection. In 2 patients, serial analysis of the TCR-alpha and -beta chain sequences revealed that overexpression of TCRBV in CSF was caused by extensive clonal expansion of CD8(+) T cells. Our findings support the role of CD8(+) T cells during the early host defense against spirochete infection of the CNS.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8⁺T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis

Jacobsen¹,

Zhou²,

Cepok³

et al. 2003

J INFECT DIS

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“…IL-6 has dual roles in brain injury and disease. The amount of IL-6 in human serum and central nervous system has been shown to correlate with disease activity in neurologic Lyme disease (31). It is possible that IL-6 could mediate both neuroprotection as well as neuron generation in inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases including Lyme neuroboreliosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Three Genospecies of Borrelia on Expression of Genes Associated with Chemokines and Their Receptors in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblastsin Vitro

Gola¹,

Dudek²,

Jasik³

et al. 2014

Eur J Inflamm

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An important role in pathomechanism of Lyme disease is played by the ability of spirochetes to spread within tissues, and to adhere (to platelets, erythrocytes and vascular epithelium). The principal factors regulating that process are chemokines, cytokines and adhesion particles. The aim of this study was to select genes related to the chemokines and their receptors, differentiating the type of infection in the system model, i.e. a culture of normal human diploid fibroblasts infected with three different spirochete genospecies: B. afzelii, B. garinii and B. burgdorferii sensu stricto, by comparing the infected fibroblast culture with that of the control fibroblast. The differences in the expression of genes selected on the basis of a scientific database Affymetrix were analysed by comparing transcriptomes from the four cultures of fibroblasts, using the oligonucleotide microarrays HG_U133A. In the result of infection of fibroblast cultivation with a specific Borrelia genospecies, a variable expression of the chemokines and their receptors, specific for one genospecies was observed. The fibroblast infected with B. afzelii expressed CCL4, CCL1, CCL2 and CCR10; with B. garinii - CXCL12, IL6, CCR3 and CXCR5; and with B. burgorferii sensu stricto - CCL5, CCR1, CCL3, CCL16, CXCR6, IL8, CXCR7 and CXCR3.

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“…Cytokines may contribute. Increased levels of IL-1 and TNF-a have been reported in CSF of patients with neuroborreliosis, and elevated levels of neopterin and IL-6 in spinal fluid even correlated to the clinical findings (Dotevall et al, 1990;Weller et al, 1991;Nilsson et al, 1994). Recent evidence suggests production of CXCL13, a B cell chemoattractant, very early in infection, probably by brain microglia (Ramesh et al, 2009).…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 94%

“…CSF IgG oligoclonal bands can still be demonstrated in one-third of patients 5 to 17 years after infection (Kr€ uger et al, 1989). Other reported CSF biochemical markers of disease activity include elevated concentrations of astroglial protein GFAp (Dotevall et al, 1996), IL-2, IL-6, fibronectin (Weller et al, 1991), neopterin (Dotevall et al, 1990), and metalloproteinase with recent evidence that glia play a prominent role in this response (Ramesh et al, 2009). …”

Section: Intrathecal Antibody Production (Us)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nervous System Lyme Borreliosis

Halperin

Dotevall²

2011

Lyme Borreliosis in Europe and North America

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Interleukins, Immunoglobulins, and Fibronectin in Neuroborreliosis

Cited by 51 publications

References 26 publications

Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8⁺T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis

Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8⁺T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis

The Impact of Three Genospecies of Borrelia on Expression of Genes Associated with Chemokines and Their Receptors in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblastsin Vitro

Nervous System Lyme Borreliosis

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Interleukins, Immunoglobulins, and Fibronectin in Neuroborreliosis

Cited by 51 publications

References 26 publications

Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8+T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis

Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8+T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis

The Impact of Three Genospecies of Borrelia on Expression of Genes Associated with Chemokines and Their Receptors in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblastsin Vitro

Nervous System Lyme Borreliosis

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Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8⁺T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis

Clonal Accumulation of Activated CD8⁺T Cells in the Central Nervous System during the Early Phase of Neuroborreliosis