Cerebrospinal fluid magnesium and calcium related to amine metabolites, diagnosis, and suicide attempts

Bánki, Csaba M.; Vojnik, M.; Papp, Zsuzsa; Balla, Katalin Z.; Arató, M.

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(85)90076-9

Cited by 66 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar to our findings (higher CSF mean Ca/Mg ratio as well as elevation of 21% of CSF mean Ca/ mean Mg ratio in depressed patients), Banki et al [9], who also evaluated recently hospitalized, i.e. apparently acutely depressed patients, showed an elevated mean Ca/mean Mg ratio (39%) in the patient group compared with the controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…One should nevertheless notice that in contrast to our study, the patients in the trial of Linder et al [7] and the controls of Young et al [2] were all medicated. Various psychotropic medications are known to affect serum/plasma Ca and Mg levels, including neuroleptics [37,38], antidepressants [9,23] and lithium [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We therefore decided to evaluate also the Ca/Mg ratio of depressed patients in comparison to controls. Considering the mood-lowering effect of either hypercalcemia or hypomagnesemia [10,12] and the lack of difference in CSF Ca and Mg levels in depressed patients and controls (except for Banki et al [9] -see table 2), we propose the following hypotheses:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Mg participates in a host of cellular processes thought to play a role in affective disorders, including activation of intracellular enzymes, stabilization of membranes and direct regulation of receptor binding [6,7]. Furthermore, Ca has been found to influence catecholaminergic systems [8], Mg to affect cat-Neuropsychobiology 1999;39:63- 70 Levine/Stein/Rapoport/Kurtzman echolaminergic, serotonergic and cholinergic transmission [9], and both cations are related to the function of the adenyl-cyclase-coupled second messenger [2]. All these processes are hypothesized to be indirectly implicated in affective disturbances [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Ca has been found to influence catecholaminergic systems [8], Mg to affect cat-Neuropsychobiology 1999;39:63- 70 Levine/Stein/Rapoport/Kurtzman echolaminergic, serotonergic and cholinergic transmission [9], and both cations are related to the function of the adenyl-cyclase-coupled second messenger [2]. All these processes are hypothesized to be indirectly implicated in affective disturbances [9]. In addition to these findings, changes in the serum or plasma levels of both cations have been related to various neuropsychiatric disturbances, including affective dysregulation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Ca/Mg Ratio in Recently Hospitalized Acutely Depressed Patients

et al. 1999

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Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are involved in many processes related to depression. Evaluations of serum and plasma Ca and Mg levels in depressive disorders do not show consistent results. The few studies that examined their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels tended to find no differences between depressed patients and controls. Because both hypercalcemia and hypomagnesemia are associated with depression, and as Mg may function as a Ca antagonist, it is suggested that the relationship between these cations could be different in depressed patients and controls. We examined CSF and serum Ca and Mg in acutely depressed patients diagnosed as having major depressive disorder or being in a depressive episode of bipolar disorder. Controls were subjects undergoing lumbar puncture as part of an evaluation for headache or suspected meningitis and found to demonstrate no physical or mental disorder. Serum and CSF Ca/Mg ratios were found to be elevated in the depressed patients compared with the controls. A retrospective analysis of previous trials assessing serum/plasma or CSF Ca and Mg does not seem to refute the findings of this study. We further discuss our findings in their relation to the acuteness of the depressive disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%