Cerebrospinal Fluid Monoamine Metabolite Levels in Male Arsonists

Virkkunen, Matti; Nuutila, Arto; Goodwin, Frederick K.; Linnoila, Markku

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800150053007

Cited by 382 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Data from studies of cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxy-indolacetic acid (CSF 5-HIAA), the major, stable metabolite of neuronal 5-HT (in alcoholic males (Limson et al, 1991), behaviorally disruptive male children and adolescents (Kruesi et al, 1990), rhesus monkeys (Higley et al, 1992) and pigtailed macaques (Westergaard et al, 1999)), frequently, though not always, demonstrate inverse correlations between CSF 5-HIAA and measures of aggression and suicidal behavior. Reduction of CSF 5-HIAA concentrations in impulsive violent offenders (Linnoila et al, 1983), and impulsive arsonists (Virkkunen et al, 1987) suggests that the relationship is specific to impulsivity. However, closer analysis of the impulsive arsonist group reveals that this group is quite aggressive as well (eg, similar rates of intermittent explosive disorder (IED) and history of suicide attempts (Coccaro and Siever, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggression, Suicidality, and Intermittent Explosive Disorder: Serotonergic Correlates in Personality Disorder and Healthy Control Subjects

Coccaro

Lee

Kavoussi

2009

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Central serotonergic (5-HT) activity has long been implicated in the regulation of impulsive aggressive behavior. This study was performed to use a highly selective agent for 5-HT (d-Fenfluramine, d-FEN) in a large group of human subjects to further explore this relationship dimensionally and categorically. One hundred and fifty healthy subjects (100 with personality disorder, PD and 50 healthy volunteer controls, HV) underwent d-FEN challenge studies. Residual peak delta prolactin (DPRL[d-FEN]-R; ie, after the removal of potentially confounding variables) was used as the primary 5-HT response variable. Composite measures of aggression and impulsivity were used as dimensional measures, and history of suicidal/self-injurious behavior as well as the presence of intermittent explosive disorder (IED) were used as categorical variables. DPRL[d-FEN]-R responses correlated inversely with composite aggression, but not composite impulsivity, in all subjects and in males and females examined separately. The correlation with composite aggression was strongest in male PD subjects. DPRL [d-FEN]-R values were reduced in PD subjects with a history of suicidal behavior but not, selfinjurious behavior. DPRL [d-FEN]-R values were also reduced in patients meeting Research Criteria for IED. Physiologic responses to 5-HT stimulation are reduced as a function of aggression (but not generalized impulsivity) in human subjects. The same is true for personality disordered subjects with a history of suicidal, but not self-injurious, behavior and for subjects with a diagnosis of IED by research criteria. These data have particular relevance to the notion of impulsive aggression and the biological validity of IED.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggression, Suicidality, and Intermittent Explosive Disorder: Serotonergic Correlates in Personality Disorder and Healthy Control Subjects

Coccaro

Lee

Kavoussi

2009

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…We also assessed defensive aggression by using the target-biting paradigm. It has been shown that high serotonergic activity dampens both defensive aggression in animals and violent crime in humans and, conversely, reduced serotonergic activity is associated with high levels of aggression (Bioulac et al, 1980;Golden et al, 1991;Lidberg et al, 1985;Linnoila et al, 1983;Virkkunen et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in attack behavior and activity in EphA5 knockout mice

et al. 2008

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During development, Eph tyrosine kinase receptors and their ephrin ligands function as axon guidance molecules while, in adults, these molecules appear to be involved in the regulation of neural plasticity and emotion. The absence of EphA5 receptor mediated forward signaling may cause alterations in connectivity of neural networks and boundary formation during development, including central monoaminergic systems. In the present studies, we demonstrated altered aggressive responses by animals lacking functional EphA5 receptors. These behavioral changes were accompanied by altered concentrations of serotonin (5-HT) and the metabolite, 5-HIAA, in the hypothalamus. The changes of serotonin activity in hypothalamus also result in increase of body weight in EphA5 knockout mice. Furthermore, EphA5 knockout mice exhibited a significant decrease in activity levels following exposure to naïve intruders in their home cages. We conclude that the EphA5 receptor may be involved in mediation of aggressive behavior regulated, in part, by hypothalamic serotonin.

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“…A statistically signifIcant inverse correlation be tween CSF 5-HIAA and a life history of aggressive im pulse diffIculty was found in both studies. Other re searchers have expanded these fIndings (Linnoila et al 1983;Lidberg et al 1985;van Praag 1986;Virkkunen et al 1987;Roy et al 1988).…”

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confidence: 99%

Positron-Emission Tomography and Personality Disorders

Pj²,

et al. 1994

Neuropsychopharmacol

232

104

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This study used positron-emission tomography to examine cerebral metabolic rates of glucose (CMRG) in 17 patients with DSM III-R diagnoses of personality disorder. Within the group of 17 personality disorder patients, there was a significant inverse correlation between a life history of aggressive impulse difficulties and regional CMRG in the frontal cortex of the transaxial plane approximately 40 mm above the canthomeatal line (CML) (r = -.56, P = 0.17). Diagnostic groups included antisocial (n = 6), borderline (n = 6), dependent (n = 2), and narcissistic (n = 3).KEY WORDS: Positron-emission tomography; Cerebral glucose metabolism; Personality disorder; Borderline personality disorder; Antisocial personality disorder; Regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) has been shown to inversely correlate with a life history of aggressive impulse diffIculties in patients with personality disorder diagnoses (Brown et al. 1979). This initial study examined 26 patients from nine differ ent personality disorder diagnostic groups. A subse-

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Monoamine Metabolite Levels in Male Arsonists

Cited by 382 publications

References 71 publications

Aggression, Suicidality, and Intermittent Explosive Disorder: Serotonergic Correlates in Personality Disorder and Healthy Control Subjects

Aggression, Suicidality, and Intermittent Explosive Disorder: Serotonergic Correlates in Personality Disorder and Healthy Control Subjects

Changes in attack behavior and activity in EphA5 knockout mice

Positron-Emission Tomography and Personality Disorders

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