Cerebrovascular disease in Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

We studied the pattern and outcome of strokes in 200 Saudi patients. Cerebral infarction constituted 87% of strokes, subarachnoid hemorrhage 4.5%, cerebral hemorrhage 6.5%, and venous infarction 2%. The vessel most commonly involved was part or all of the middle cerebral artery, constituting 52% (90) of the 174 arterial infarcts. Lacunar infarcts were seen in 21% (37) of the patients with arterial infarcts. Among all 200 patients, 8% died and 8% had secondary generalized seizures. Hypertension occurred in 41% of the 174 patients with arterial infarcts and 62% of the 13 with cerebral hemorrhages. The highest incidence of hypertension as a risk factor was among those with lacunar infarcts (81%), ganglionic cerebral hemorrhages (80%), and infarcts of deep branches of the middle cerebral artery (57%). Embolic infarcts due to rheumatic heart disease constituted 11% of all arterial infarcts. We conclude that our pattern of strokes is similar to that of the west rather than that of the Japanese, but with less frequent arteriovenous malformations and aneurysms. (Stroke 1991^22:1173-1176)

Influence of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Location on Incidence, Characteristics, and Outcome

“…Of 41 observational studies comparing lobar and nonlobar ICH, 20 did not define lobar location, 18,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and 21 used different definitions of lobar location (including ICH which was cortical, subcortical, or cortical and subcortical, [41][42][43][44][45][46] cerebellar, 47 predominantly cortical and involving underlying white matter, [48][49][50] subcortical or in a hemisphere excluding the basal ganglia or thalamus, [51][52][53] or in any lobe(s) of the brain). [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] Of 28 studies that defined nonlobar ICH, 20 defined nonlobar as involving the basal ganglia or infratentorial regions, 18,25,27,32,33,36,...…”

Binswanger Disease: The King Khalid University Hospital Experience

“…The general patterns of cerebrovascular diseases encountered in our institution were published previously [9]. In this study, we present the pattern of the subgroup of patients in whom leukoaraiosis was present on brain CT examination and which presented clinically with a picture compatible with Binswanger disease.…”

Comparative Outcome of Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Assessing Static Body Balance among Post-Stroke Male Patients in Saudi Arabia

“…In Saudi Arabia stroke remains a major medical problem being the frequent most cause of hospitalization [7,8] with a prevalence of 178 per 100,000 population [5]and numbers of first-ever stroke remain 53 per year (crude incidence rate being 48.8/100.000 population [6]. However, stroke, is reportedly, more prevalent among men and in their 60s [6,[9][10][11][12], though it was observed in younger Arabians more than in the western world (5).…”

“…However, stroke, is reportedly, more prevalent among men and in their 60s [6,[9][10][11][12], though it was observed in younger Arabians more than in the western world (5). Stroke leaves >50% patients physically disabled [1]/handicapped due to problem in their body-balance, mostly within the first 3 post -stroke weeks [13].…”