Ceria on alumina support for catalytic pyrolysis of Pavlova sp. microalgae to high-quality bio-oils

Aysu, Tevfik; Fermoso, Javier; Sanna, Aimaro

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2017.06.014

Cited by 55 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…At 500 C, the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons by β-zeolite catalytic pyrolysis was 24.5% and that from noncatalytic pyrolysis was 20.2%; at that temperature, the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons from activated-carbon pyrolysis was only 0.5%, whereas at 600 C, it was 13.2%. Aysu et al [91] used a fixed-bed reactor for the pyrolysis of Pavlova sp. using a Ce/Al 2 O 3 -based catalyst and some other catalysts and also varied a few other parameters.…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel from Microorganisms: A Review

Chen

Nie

et al. 2021

Energy Tech

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As societies develop and industrialize, sources of energy such as natural gas, coal, and oil become increasingly important in daily life. Among all forms of energy, fossil fuels are the most important, being primary sources of energy, [1] and, given their high heating value and therefore high efficiency, indispensable to heating, transport, and manufacturing operations. Fossil fuels most frequently seen in daily life are oil, coal, and natural gas. In 2019, total fossil energy consumption in the world was 492.34 exajoules (1 exajoule ¼ 10 18 J), accounting for 84.3% of the total energy. [2] Global demand for fossil fuels is predicted to increase to 19.08 billion liters a day by 2040. [3] However, fossil fuels are nonrenewable, and their use is also associated with many other problems such as air pollution, global warming, and unsustainable development. By 2030, the concentration of the greenhouse gas CO 2 is predicted to increase by 80% of the level in 2007, [4] which will contribute a great deal to global warming. These considerations make it essential for researchers to find alternatives to fossil fuels.The USA Energy Independence and Security Act declared that 136.27 billion liters of renewable fuel will be produced by 2022 in USA, including 3.78 billion liters of biodiesel, 60.56 billion liters of cellulosic biofuels, and 56.78 billion liters of maizebased ethanol. [5] Among all the suitable replacements, biofuels have the highest potential, because they can use waste material as feedstock, and they are renewable. In 2019, world production of biofuels was 111.83 million liters of oil equivalent per day, and the growth rate was 5.1% more than that in 2018. [6] Biofuels include bioethanol, biodiesel, biogas, biohydrogen, etc. [7] Forest waste, waste cooking oil, and similar materials can be used for producing biodiesel. In recent decades, microorganisms have been tested for their suitability as feedstock to produce biodiesel, and have proved more advantageous than other materials. The properties of biodiesel are similar to, and in some cases better than, those of diesel. For example, biodiesel has a higher cetane number, a higher flash point, and almost no sulfur, unlike diesel. When used in engines, biodiesel emits smaller quantities of particulate matter and carbon monoxide. [8] In addition, biodiesel can be mixed with fossil diesel in any proportion. Biodiesel is the predominant biofuel in Europe and the Asia Pacific and accounted for 81% and 74% of the total biofuels, respectively, used in these regions in 2019. [2] World production of biofuels from 1999 to 2019 is shown in Figure 1, and 2 shows the production of ethanol and biodiesel in 2009 and 2019.However, many external and internal facts hinder the development of biodiesel. For example, biodiesel is less competitive than diesel in terms of price and also inferior to diesel in some ways; the oxygen content of biodiesel lowers its heat value; and some forms of biodiesel also emit larger quantities of particulate matter (PM) and NO x . These drawbacks mus...

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Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel from Microorganisms: A Review

Chen

Nie

et al. 2021

Energy Tech

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“…over Ce/Al 2 O 3 -based catalysts produced bio-oil with a low O/C ratio (0.1-0.15). MgCe/Al 2 O 3 exhibited the best performance on the reduction of oxygen content from 14.1 to 9.8 wt %, while NiCe/Al 2 O 3 produced the highest hydrocarbon fraction [106]. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Nannochloropsis oculate over Co-Mo/γ-Al 2 O 3 was carried out in an analytical micropyrolyzer coupled with a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (py-GC-MS) [74].…”

Section: Other Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Thermochemical Conversion of Algae and Upgrading of Algal Oil for the Production of High-Grade Liquid Fuel: A Review

Zhou

2020

Catalysts

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The depletion of fossil fuel has drawn growing attention towards the utilization of renewable biomass for sustainable energy production. Technologies for the production of algae derived biofuel has attracted wide attention in recent years. Direct thermochemical conversion of algae obtained biocrude oil with poor fuel quality due to the complex composition of algae. Thus, catalysts are required in such process to remove the heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. This article reviews the recent advances in catalytic systems for the direct catalytic conversion of algae, as well as catalytic upgrading of algae-derived oil or biocrude into liquid fuels with high quality. Heterogeneous catalysts with high activity in deoxygenation and denitrogenation are preferable for the conversion of algae oil to high-grade liquid fuel. The paper summarized the influence of reaction parameters and reaction routes for the catalytic conversion process of algae from critical literature. The development of new catalysts, conversion conditions, and efficiency indicators (yields and selectivity) from different literature are presented and compared. The future prospect and challenges in general utilization of algae are also proposed.

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“…to improve the quality of biofuels or chemicals. Different kinds of catalysts like ceria, activated carbon, nickel phosphide, hydrotalcite, and so on were used for the production of high-quality algae-based bio-oil. However, the use of catalysts for algae pyrolysis was mainly concerned with zeolite catalysts, ,− which show high activities toward both deoxygenation and denitrogenation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Algal Biomass in a Double Microfixed-Bed Reactor: Catalyst Deactivation and Its Coking Behavior

et al. 2020

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The catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of algal biomass was conducted in a newly developed double microfixed-bed reactor. Real-time measurements of catalytic vapors as a function of the cumulative biomass-to-catalyst ratio (BCR) could be achieved by means of a single photoionization mass spectrometer. The coked zeolites were characterized by various methods. During the catalytic conversion of algal biomass, products would tend to be classified into three different types based on their conversion (or formation) efficiency in CFP at the given BCR. More importantly, it was inferred that the “step-1”, which had been defined in the CFP of lignocellulosic biomass and would cause the catalyst coking, was lacking in the upgrading processes of algae-based pyrolysis vapors, probably due to the catalytic effect of minerals in algal biomass. This indicates the fact that algal biomass (especially for Sargasso) could be potentially an ideal feedstock to obtain valuable products via CFP. Furthermore, the mass per injection was proven to be an important factor to influence the accessibility of HZSM-5 catalyst due to the “traffic jam” when the primary volatiles enter the zeolite pores.

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Ceria on alumina support for catalytic pyrolysis of Pavlova sp. microalgae to high-quality bio-oils

Cited by 55 publications

References 44 publications

Biodiesel from Microorganisms: A Review

Biodiesel from Microorganisms: A Review

Catalytic Thermochemical Conversion of Algae and Upgrading of Algal Oil for the Production of High-Grade Liquid Fuel: A Review

Ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Algal Biomass in a Double Microfixed-Bed Reactor: Catalyst Deactivation and Its Coking Behavior

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