Cerium: A chemical tracer for paleo-oceanic redox conditions

Liu, Y.-G.; Miah, Md. Rezwan; Schmitt, R. A.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(88)90207-4

Cited by 253 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Such precipitation processes lead to negative Ce anomalies in both surface water (Sholkovitz, 1995) and groundwater (Smedley, 1991;Braun et al, 1998;Dia et al, 2000;Compton et al, 2003). Because of the sensitivity of dissolved Ce to redox conditions, combined with the stability of REE signatures in calcite (Zhong and Mucci, 1995;Cherniak, 1998;Webb et al, 2009), there has been widespread use of Ce anomalies as a proxy for Eh (Wright et al, 1987;Liu et al, 1988;Murray et al, 1990;Holser, 1997;Bau et al, 1998;Yang et al, 1999;Kamber et al, 2004). The Ce-depleted, middle REE enriched REE patterns of the Gunflint capping limestone are similar to those of modern groundwater that has traveled through an oxidized area where Mn or Fe oxyhydroxides have formed.…”

Section: Rare Earth Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of Paleoproterozoic Gunflint Formation carbonate: Implications for hydrosphere-atmosphere evolution

Fralick

Planavsky

Burton

et al. 2017

Precambrian Research

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The ~1880 Ma Gunflint Formation has played a critical role in shaping our view of the evolution of the Precambrian biosphere and the redox state of Earth's early oceans.Herein we present a study of the petrology and geochemistry of calcic grainstones and stromatolitic limestones present at the very top of the Gunflint Formation and compare them with underlying ankeritic grainstones that dominate the shore-proximal portion of the basin. Meteoric calcite cements in the upper limestones formed prior to the unit being brecciated and/or buried by debris carried by the blast cloud from the 1850 Ma Sudbury impact event. The intraclastic grains and cements in the limestone are highly enriched in V, Cr, U and REEs, with REE patterns similar to those of modern groundwater. Cr isotopes have a distinctly positive signature in most samples indicating formation of oxidized, hexavalent Cr during subaerial weathering. These redox-sensitive metals were transported in oxygenated groundwater and precipitated where the fluid encountered reducing conditions. In contrast, the underlying ankeritic marine grainstones have REE patterns similar to those of some modern-day venting hydrothermal fluids and earliest Paleoproterozoic seawater. This work suggests that significant levels of oxygen existed in the atmosphere at the time, whereas, even shallow areas of the world ocean remained very oxygen-deficient. The contrast in redox state of anoxic shallow-marine water verses oxic groundwater was probably linked to strong sub-seafloor hydrothermal circulation and extensive upwelling onto shallow shelves, which could have sustained widespread marine anoxia. More broadly, our study highlights the importance of investigating and understanding lateral geochemical gradients, and the flux rates that control them, in shallow paleomarine settings.

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Section: Rare Earth Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of Paleoproterozoic Gunflint Formation carbonate: Implications for hydrosphere-atmosphere evolution

Fralick

Planavsky

Burton

et al. 2017

Precambrian Research

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“…The (La/Yb) cn ratios of river waters are generally low, probably because the stabilities of REE carbonate complexes become greater as the atomic number increases (Kosterin, 1959;McLennan and Taylor, 1979). The negative Ce anomaly is essentially caused by the removal of Ce as CeO 2 under oxidizing conditions (e.g., Piper, 1974;Elderfield et al, 1981;Liu et al, 1988), although the anomaly also partly depends on the pH value of solution (de Baar et al, 1985;Liu et al, 1988;Elderfield et al, 1990). It is generally considered that the REE 10 -5 Fig.…”

Section: Rees Of Hydrothermal Fluids Of Meteoric Water Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Elements as an Indicator to Origins of Skarn Deposits: Examples of the Kamioka Zn‐Pb and Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(–Fe) Deposits in Japan

Kato

1999

Resource Geology

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: Systematic data of rare earth elements (REEs) are presented in order to put some constraints on the origin of hydrothermal fluids responsible for two contrastive skarn deposits in Japan; the Kamioka Zn‐Pb and Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits. Carbon and oxygen isotopic studies have demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits are of meteoric water origin whereas those for the Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits are of magmatic water origin. The REE abundances of epidote skarn derived from aluminous rocks, garnet and clinopyroxene in calcic exoskarn derived from limestone, and interstitial calcite associated with sulfide minerals were determined for these contrastive skarn deposits by inductively‐coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). A significant difference in the REE concentrations is not found between epidote skarn and aluminous original rock (plagioclase‐clinopyroxene rock, called Inishi rock) from the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits, indicating that the REEs are generally immobile during the formation of epidote skarn, and that the REE concentrations of the hydrothermal fluid are considerably low relative to the aluminous original rock. In contrast, the epidote skarn exhibits enrichment of Eu with increasing total REE concentrations relative to the aluminous original rock (quartz diorite) in the Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits, implying a contribution of magmatic fluid derived from granitoids during the skarn formation. Limestone generally has much lower REE concentrations related to surrounding aluminous rocks, and thus the REE concentrations of garnet and clinopyroxene in calcic exoskarn, originated from limestone, are variable due to the interaction with the hydrothermal fluids. The chondrite‐normalized REE patterns of garnet, clinopyroxene, and interstitial calcite exactly provide useful information on origins of hydrothermal fluids. The REE patterns of these minerals from the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits show lower (Pr/Yb)cn ratios, and negative Ce and Eu anomalies inherited from limestone with the decrease of This suggests that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for the Kamioka Zn‐Pb deposits were depleted in REEs, and were not magmatic water in origin, but presumably meteoric one. In striking contrast, the REE patterns of exoskarn minerals and calcite from the Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(‐Fe) deposits exhibit a positive Eu anomaly, and high (Pr/Yb)cn ratios with the considerable increase of σREE and the disappearance of negative Ce anomaly, implying that the fluids were dominantly of magmatic origin. The REE indices are very likely to be an excellent indicator to origins of the skarn deposits.

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“…The Ce anomaly in apatite in particular is considered to be a proxy for sedimentary environment oxidation state (Liu et al, 1988, Slack et al, 2007and Ling et al, 2013. A Ce anomaly should not be present in authigenic sedimentary phases when the water column was fully reducing and is absent in the sedimentary rock record prior to the GOE at ca.…”

Section: Environmental Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrography and the REE-composition of apatite in the Paleoproterozoic Pilgujärvi Sedimentary Formation, Pechenga Greenstone Belt, Russia

Joosu

Lepland

Kreitsmann

et al. 2016

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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The first globally significant phosphorous-rich deposits appear in the Paleoproterozoic at around 2 Ga, however, the specific triggers leading to apatite precipitation are debated. We examine phosphorous-rich rocks (up to 8 wt% P 2 O 5 ) in 1.98-1.92 Ga old Pilgujärvi Sedimentary Formation, Pechenga Greenstone Belt, Russia. Phosphates in these rocks occur as locally derived and resedimented sand-to-gravel/pebble sized grains consisting of apatitecemented muddy sediments. Phosphatic grains can be subdivided into four petrographic types (A-D), each has a distinct REE signature reflecting different early-to-late diagenetic conditions and/or metamorphic overprint. Pyrite containing petrographic type D, which typically has a flat REE pattern, negative Ce anomaly and positive Eu anomaly, is the best preserved of the four types and best records conditions present during apatite precipitation. Type D phosphatic grains precipitated under (sub)oxic basinal conditions with a significant hydrothermal influence. These characteristics are similar to Zaonega Formation phosphates of NW Russia's Onega Basin, and consistent with phosphogenesis triggered by the development of anoxic(sulfidic)-(sub)oxic redoxclines at shallow sediment depth during the Paleoproterozoic.

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Cerium: A chemical tracer for paleo-oceanic redox conditions

Cited by 253 publications

References 29 publications

Geochemistry of Paleoproterozoic Gunflint Formation carbonate: Implications for hydrosphere-atmosphere evolution

Geochemistry of Paleoproterozoic Gunflint Formation carbonate: Implications for hydrosphere-atmosphere evolution

Rare Earth Elements as an Indicator to Origins of Skarn Deposits: Examples of the Kamioka Zn‐Pb and Yoshiwara‐Sannotake Cu(–Fe) Deposits in Japan

Petrography and the REE-composition of apatite in the Paleoproterozoic Pilgujärvi Sedimentary Formation, Pechenga Greenstone Belt, Russia

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