Cerium oxide for sunscreen cosmetics

Synthesis and characterization of CeO2 nanocrystals by solvothermal route

“…It has a fluorite-like cubic structure in which each cerium site is surrounded by eight oxygen sites in face-centered cubic (FCC) arrangement and each oxygen site has a tetrahedron cerium site. Recently, a variety of methods based on wet chemical routes have been extensively employed to synthesize of CeO 2 nanoparticles like precipitation [6][7][8][9] , hydrothermal 10,11 , sol-gel method 12 , and microemulsion method 13 . Among these preparation methods, microwave-assisted solution method is a simple and inexpensive method to prepare nanomaterials.…”

Modification of the biopolymer castor oil with free isocyanate groups to be applied as bioadhesive

“…This compound can also be found in several other products such as skin moisturisers (including lotions for solar burnings and dermatitis), cosmetics [14], creams or contraceptive gels, herbal preparations for labour stimulation [15], and systems of drug controlled release [16]. The present paper describes the synthesis of a urethane based on castor oil in order to obtain a prepolymer with terminal isocyanate groups.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Plate-like Cerium Phosphate / Nanosize Calcia Doped Ceria Composites by Precipitation Method

“…The surface of plate-like cerium phosphate/CDC composites became coarse with an increment of CDC content, indicating the homogenous coating was realized. After calcination at 700 o C for 1 h, almost no change on morphology was observed, although the phase composition of plate-like cerium phosphate changed from CePHPH to monazite type CePO 4 .…”

“…It is obviously that the peaks of cerium phosphate could be confirmed together with those of CDC. After calcination at 700 o C for 1 h, CePHPH changed to monazite phase of CePO 4 . In both cases, the crystallinity of the composite decreased a little with the increment of CDC content.…”

“…Fine powders of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titania (TiO 2 ) which have highly effective UV-shielding abilities are widely used as the UV-shielding materials in personal products, but their high refractive indices can make the face look unnaturally white, and their photocatalytic activities which can facilitate the generation of reactive oxygen species cause the safety worry 1 . Recently, the calcia-doped ceria (Ce 1-x Ca x O 2-x ) (donated as: CDC) nanoparticles which have not only lower refractive index but also low photocatalytic activity, low oxidation catalytic activities and broad-spectrum UV-shielding ability have been developed as the UV-shielding material [2][3][4][5][6] . Generally, inorganic UV-shielding materials are used as nanoparticles in order to get high transparency in the visible light region, however, the comfort and covering capability on skin of inorganic nanoparticles are generally modest due to the agglomeration.…”