Ceruloplasmin, transferrin and apolipoprotein A-II play important role in treatment's follow-up of paracoccidioidomycosis patients

Abstract

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic disease caused by thermodymorphic fungi of the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis complex, (Paracoccidioides spp.). Patients with PCM reveal specific cellular immune impairment. Despite the effective treatment, quiescent fungi can lead to relapse, usually late, the serological diagnosis of which has been deficient. The present study was carried out with the objective of investigating a biomarker for the identification of PCM relapse and another molecule behaving as an immunological recovery biomarker; therefore, it may be used as a cure criterion. In the evolutionary analysis of the proteins identified in PCM patients, comparing those that presented with those that did not reveal relapse, 29 proteins were identified. The interactions observed between the proteins, using transferrin and haptoglobin, as the main binding protein, were strong with all the others. Patient follow-up suggests that cerulosplamin may be a marker of relapse and that transferrin and apolipoprotein A-II may contribute to the evaluation of the treatment efficacy and avoiding a premature decision.

Paracoccidioidomycosis due to P lutzii: The importance of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in the symptomatic and asymptomatic phases in severe cases

“…Furthermore, these biomarkers are difficult to carry out outside research centres. 40 In tuberculosis, ESR has been associated with haematogenous spread and severe evolution with atypical manifestations, 41 but there is a shortage of biomarkers that are useful to discriminate between severe and non-severe PCM patients.…”

“…Up to the present date, no accessible and easy‐to‐perform laboratory test that supports the differential diagnosis between patients with severe and non‐severe PCM has been described. Although Sylvestre et al 40 reported that the dosage of ceruloplasmin, transferrin and apolipoprotein‐A could be associated with clinical cure criteria for PCM, there was no mention of the association of these biomarkers with the criteria of clinical severity at the patient's admission. Furthermore, these biomarkers are difficult to carry out outside research centres 40 .…”

“…Although Sylvestre et al 40 reported that the dosage of ceruloplasmin, transferrin and apolipoprotein‐A could be associated with clinical cure criteria for PCM, there was no mention of the association of these biomarkers with the criteria of clinical severity at the patient's admission. Furthermore, these biomarkers are difficult to carry out outside research centres 40 . In tuberculosis, ESR has been associated with haematogenous spread and severe evolution with atypical manifestations, 41 but there is a shortage of biomarkers that are useful to discriminate between severe and non‐severe PCM patients.…”

Discovery and Identification of Serum Succinyl‐Proteome for Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis and Osteopenia

“…apolipoprotein A‐I was the most significant variation of proteins in patients with osteopenia and osteoarthritis. In addition, apolipoprotein A‐II was thought to be correlated to lipid and glucose metabolism. Apolipoprotein A‐II decreased by a mean of 24% with anabolic steroid therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis and reduced high density lipoproteins.…”

Mini Review on Dermatomycosis

“…Treatment can be counted as sufficient when the patient shows an improvement from the previous signs and symptoms indicating the disease until an apparent cure including clinical cure (Sylvestre et al, 2018). A treatment approach may in the shape of topical or oral formulations.…”