Cervical cancer prevention for all women: Why now?

Tsu, Vivien

doi:10.1002/ijgo.12188

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Fortunately, we are witnessing a shift from the fatalistic acceptance of cervical cancer to cautious optimism for its elimination due to growing knowledge of the natural history of disease and advancements in prevention 10,11 . The natural history of cervical cancer allows for multiple interventions – primary, secondary, and tertiary 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,9 Fortunately, we are witnessing a shift from the fatalistic acceptance of cervical cancer to cautious optimism for its elimination due to growing knowledge of the natural history of disease and advancements in prevention. 10,11 The natural history of cervical cancer allows for multiple interventionsprimary, secondary, and tertiary. 12 First, the well-established evidence that persistent infection with high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes is the principal causal factor in 99.7% of all cervical cancer cases 13 stimulated vaccine development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors influencing cervical cancer screening practice among female health workers in Nigeria: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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Background: Cervical cancer is the most prevalent gynaecologic cancer in Nigeria.Despite being largely preventable through screening, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. To reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Nigeria, female health workers (FHWs) are expected to play an influential role in leading screening uptake and promoting access to cervical cancer education and screening. Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to assess the factors influencing cervical cancer screening (CCS) practice among FHWs in Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search across six (6) electronic databases namely MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, African Index Medicus, CINAHL, and Web of Science between May 2020 and October 2020. Reference list and grey literature search were conducted to complement database search. Four reviewers screened 3171 citations against the inclusion criteria and critically appraised the quality of eligible studies. Narrative synthesis was used in summarising data from included studies. Results: Overall, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were all quantitative crosssectional studies. Included studies sampled a total of 3392 FHWs in Nigeria. FHWs had a high level of knowledge and positive attitude towards CCS. However, CCS uptake was poor. Predominant barriers to CCS uptake were the cost of screening, fear of positive results, lack of test awareness, reluctance to screen, low-risk perception, and lack of time. In contrast, being married, increasing age, awareness of screening methods, and physician recommendation were the most documented facilitators. Conclusion: This study revealed that a complex interplay of socioeconomic, structural, and individual factors influences CCS among FHWs in Nigeria. Therefore, implementing holistic interventions targeting both health system factors such as cost of screening and infrastructure and individual factors such as low-risk perception and

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing cervical cancer screening practice among female health workers in Nigeria: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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“…Cervical cancer prevention and screening has been described as one of the last frontiers of Universal Health Coverage 1 2. Effective vaccines now exist for human papilloma virus (HPV) (which causes the majority of cervical cancer), and screening tests and preventative treatments are available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of community health workers in cervical cancer screening in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review of the literature

O’Donovan

Nagraj

2019

BMJ Glob Health

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IntroductionCommunity-based screening for cervical cancer and task sharing to community health workers (CHWs) have been suggested as a potential way to increase screening coverage in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aims of the scoping review were to understand the following: (i) where and how CHWs are currently deployed in screening in LMIC settings; (ii) the methods used to train and support CHWs in screening, and (iii) The evidence on the cost-effectiveness of using CHWs to assist in screening.MethodsA scoping literature search of 11 major databases and the grey literature was performed between 1978 and 2018. We included comprehensive search terms for ‘CHWs’ and ‘Cervical Cancer’, and used the World Bank criteria to define LMICs.ResultsOf the 420 articles screened, 15 met the inclusion criteria for review. Studies were located in Africa (n=5), Asia (n=5), and South and Central America (n=5). CHWs played a role in community education and raising awareness (n=14), conducting or assisting in cervical screening (n=5), or follow-up (n=1). 11 studies described CHW training activities. Only one study provided a formal cost analysis.ConclusionThe roles of CHWs in cervical cancer screening in LMICs have largely to date focused on education, outreach, and awareness programmes. Community-based approaches to cervical cancer screening are feasible, although the sociocultural context plays an important role in the acceptability of these interventions. Further in-depth contextually grounded studies exploring the acceptability of such interventions are required, as well as studies exploring the cost-effectiveness of involving CHWs in cervical cancer screening activities.

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“…For example, with the advent of the human papillomavirus vaccine and novel approaches to screening and treatment, cervical cancer incidence and prevalence has the potential to be drastically reduced. [49][50][51] White Tsu notes that "We already know what causes cervical cancer, how to prevent it, and how to treat it, even in resourceconstrained settings", and yet the solution is "in large part, sustained political commitment". 50 The challenge is to think and look outside of the proverbial box and begin from the patient perspective considering their lifestyles and available resources to identify innovations with high impact and relatively low cost.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[49][50][51] White Tsu notes that "We already know what causes cervical cancer, how to prevent it, and how to treat it, even in resourceconstrained settings", and yet the solution is "in large part, sustained political commitment". 50 The challenge is to think and look outside of the proverbial box and begin from the patient perspective considering their lifestyles and available resources to identify innovations with high impact and relatively low cost. These innovations fill gaps in care and ultimately serve to empower the cancer patient beyond their initial diagnosis and positively impact their long-term outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Developing a technology-based intervention for empowering cancer patients from low-income backgrounds: a lifecycle approach</p>

Varanasi¹,

Helzlsouer²

2019

IEH

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Despite significant advances across the cancer continuum from prevention through survivorship, achieving uniform high-quality, patient-centered care for all remains a challenge. We have entered the era of precision medicine and multi-modal treatment where the promise of cure is great. Yet fragmented care and disparities in cancer outcomes persist, especially among those individuals from low income and underresourced backgrounds. Thoughtful, mindful, and purposeful implementation of technology-based innovations have the potential to empower cancer patients and improve longterm outcomes and overall quality of life. These innovations have the potential to provide access to early detection and treatment and to extend and streamline cancer care coordination efforts by complementing and enhancing provider roles throughout the cancer continuum. Technology can be leveraged to mitigate limited resources and in turn improve long-term cancer outcomes for low-income cancer patients. While innovations in technology span a broad spectrum of advancement, we focus here on a technologybased intervention that serves the end goal of empowering patients throughout the cancer continuum as an example of what can be done to support cancer care and management through technology-based innovations.

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Cervical cancer prevention for all women: Why now?

Abstract: This Supplement focuses on cervical cancer prevention—recent progress, remaining challenges, and priorities for action and investment in the next 5–10 years.

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Factors influencing cervical cancer screening practice among female health workers in Nigeria: A systematic review

Factors influencing cervical cancer screening practice among female health workers in Nigeria: A systematic review

The role of community health workers in cervical cancer screening in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review of the literature

<p>Developing a technology-based intervention for empowering cancer patients from low-income backgrounds: a lifecycle approach</p>

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