Cervical Cancer Screening Behavior among Hmong-American Immigrant Women

Abstract

The provision of cervical cancer literacy education and related preventive guidelines to this population are urgently needed to reduce cancer-screening disparity.

Differences in cervical cancer screening between immigrants and nonimmigrants in Norway: a primary healthcare register-based study

“…Our findings are in agreement with several international studies that report lower rates of CCS for immigrants ( Woltman and Newbold, 2007 ; Lofters et al , 2010 ; Berens et al , 2014 ; Campari et al , 2015 ; Ghebre et al , 2015 ; Lee et al , 2015 ), but with wide variations in screening by ethnic background ( McDonald and Kennedy, 2007 ). In our study, women from Africa and Eastern Europe had the lowest rates of participation in CCS.…”

“…Many Western countries use the Papanicolaou stain (Pap smear) for cervical cancer screening (CCS). Several international studies show that immigrants have lower participation rates in preventive screening ( Woltman and Newbold, 2007 ; Johnson et al , 2008 ; Lofters et al , 2010 ; Grandahl et al , 2012 ; Berens et al , 2014 ; Campari et al , 2015 ; Ghebre et al , 2015 ; Lee et al , 2015 ) and when they eventually see a doctor, they are often diagnosed with severe forms of cervical cancer ( Schleicher, 2007 ). However, these studies are often subject to selection bias, limited to one immigrant group or ethnic group, and rely on self-reported data.…”

Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening and Prevention in Young Korean Immigrant Women: Implications for Intervention Development

“…H. Y. Lee, Yang, Lee, and Ghebre (2015) found that Hmong women who had a higher level of cultural modesty (e.g., feeling embarrassed with a doctor's examination of the cervix) were less likely to have a Pap test. These findings highlight the impact that cultural beliefs have on Asian immigrant women's attitudes and behaviors about their cervical health.…”

Andersen’s Behavioral Model to Identify Correlates of Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors among Indigenous Women

“…We used Andersen's (1973Andersen's ( , 1995 behavioral model of health service utilization as our theoretical framework. Andersen's model has been widely used as a guideline for examining health service use and extensively applied to studies of diverse racial/ethnic populations, including Indigenous populations (e.g., Lee et al, 2015;Roh, Burnette, Lee, Lee, & Goins, 2016). The model posits that people's use of health services (e.g., cancer screening) is a function of three influential factors for service use: (1) predisposing factors (i.e., predisposition to use health services), (2) need factors (i.e., need for care), and (3) enabling factors.…”