Cervical spine Flexion-Distraction fracture in a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu athlete: A case report and literature review

Ifrach, Joseph; Neavling, Nathaniel; Yocom, Steven S.; Tonetti, Daniel A

doi:10.1016/j.inat.2022.101640

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Over time, the cumulative effects of this pressure can lead to degenerative disc disease and cervical spine injury [ 32 ]. Additionally, there are rare instances of serious cervical spine injury during training, such as subluxation of a vertebral body [ 33 ]. The added stress to the cervical spine may lead to osteophyte formation, disc herniation, or loss of vertebral height.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of which can lead to displacement of the vertebral arteries. In addition to the increased risk of stroke, spondylosis increases the risk of vertebral artery dissection in the general population, which may compound the risk to jiujitsu athletes [ 33 ]. Displacement of the vertebral arteries leads to a change in blood flow leading to an increased risk of posterior circulation (PC) stroke [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Choke Holds in Brazilian Jiujitsu Athletes: A Demographic Study

Harrington,

Fugler,

Midkiff

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Introduction Brazilian jiujitsu is a relatively new sport that has grown exponentially in popularity along with the growth of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). In jiujitsu, there are a variety of submissions with a choke hold being one of the most popular. There is a subset of athletes in jiujitsu who believes chokes are safe. However, there have been case reports of relatively young athletes suffering strokes secondary to internal carotid or vertebral artery dissections after being placed in choke holds. There have been manuscripts describing the injury profile in jiujitsu, but none mention stroke or dissections. This study evaluated how frequently chokes happen in jiujitsu and if athletes have ever experienced symptoms consistent with cervical artery dissection (CAD). Additionally, this study aimed to describe the training frequency and baseline demographics of jiujitsu athletes. Methods A survey was distributed throughout social media platforms which asked both quantitative and qualitative questions regarding athlete training. The survey consisted of 28 questions which collected largely baseline grappling information about the participants such as how long they trained, how often they spar, favorite submission, how frequently they are choked, etc. This data was then analyzed using odds ratio and one sample t-test to evaluate for statistical differences. Results A total of 521 participants were included in the analysis. The participants were mostly male (84.7%), trained for four years, four times per week; 99.8% (520) participated in sparring, with an average age of 37; and 55.7% (290) have experienced symptoms consistent with CAD. Descriptive statistics revealed that individuals who were 37 years of age or younger were more likely to experience symptoms consistent with CAD (odds ratio: 1.5337 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0827-2.1727). Athletes that were 37 years of age or younger have been training for fewer years (4.7 years vs 8.8 years) but train more days per week (4.03 times per week vs 3.76 time per week), drill for a longer amount of time (46.8 minutes per class vs 38.3 minutes per class), attend longer classes (81.12 minutes vs 72.3 minutes), and train for a longer period of time per week (338.5 minutes vs 274.6 minutes) than athletes over 37 years. All previously mentioned variables were analyzed using a one sample t-test and were significant at the α = 0.05 level. The lone qualitative question regarding the term “train brain” revealed that of those who experienced it, 84.1% (58) described it as a cognitive/physical impairing event. Conclusion Jiujitsu athletes train multiple times per week and are frequently exposed to choke holds. There is no literature to examine the long-term effects of these chokes on the athlete’s cervical vasculature. Additional studies should be conducted to evaluate the effects of the repetitive stress placed on these vessels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%