Cervical sympathetic trunk transection alleviates acute lung injury caused by intestinal obstruction via inhibition of phospholipase A2 in rats

Abstract

Background Intestinal obstruction can result in inflammatory injury to distant organs, especially the lungs. Stellate ganglion block (SGB) provides sympathetic nervous homeostasis and inhibits the systemic inflammatory response. This study aimed to investigate whether SGB can alleviate acute lung injury by inhibiting phospholipase A2 expression in rats. Methods Thirty healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups: C group (sham-operated); CLP group (cecal ligation and puncture with intestinal obstruction), and cervical sympathetic trunk transection (CSTT) group (transection of the cervical sympathetic trunk following CLP).Arterial blood samples were obtained to determine the ratio of partial arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) to fraction of oxygen in inspired air (FiO2). Venous blood samples were used to evaluate the serum concentrations of chemokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Following euthanasia, the lungs were isolated to estimate the wet/dry lung weight (W/D) ratio, evaluate the pathological damage to lung tissues on microscopy, and determine secretory-type phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) expression using western blotting. Results Rats in the CLP group showed increased fatigue, decreased activity levels, and coarse, gray hair. The levels of chemokines, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the CLP and CSTT groups were higher than those in the C group. However, the levels were lower in the CSTT group than those in the CLP group. IL-10 levels in the CLP group were higher and lower than those in the C and CSTT groups, respectively. W/D ratios and PaO2/FiO2 in the CLP and CSTT groups were higher than those in the C group, whereas these ratios in the CSTT group were lower than those in the CLP group. No lung injury was noted in group C, and the lung injury scores were lower in the CSTT group than those in the CLP group. sPLA2 expression levels in the CLP group were higher than those in the C group, whereas these levels in the CSTT group were lower than those in the CLP group. Conclusions sPLA2 overexpression in the lungs may be a pathogenic factor in acute lung injury. CSTT alleviated acute lung injury by inhibiting sPLA2 expression.

Effect of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block on lung protection for patients undergoing one-lung ventilation

“…SGB is effective in improving lung function by regulat-ing autonomic homeostasis via inhibiting excessive sympathetic nervous system activity, which may be related to SGB decreasing norepinephrine plasma concentrations [11,12]. However, the current study of the lung-protective effect of SGB in OLV mainly relies on animal experiments [13]. More clinical evidence is needed to be confirmed whether SGB plays a lung-protective role in patients receiving OLV through the above mechanisms in the process of clinical anesthesia and surgery.…”

Clinical effect of perioperative stellate ganglion block on mechanical ventilation and respiratory function of elderly patients with septic shock

“…[21] Second, by suppressing phospholipase A2 expression, the SGB can prevent lung edema and alveolar damage. [22] According to related research, the SGB protects the lungs from injury by reducing the release of surfactant protein A factors Yuan and Chen • Medicine (2024) 103:21 www.md-journal.com when 1 lung is on ventilation. This process ensures efficient air-blood exchange in the lungs and helps maintain alveolar surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse during the postoperative phase.…”

Artesunate Alleviates Hyperoxia‐Induced Lung Injury in Neonatal Mice by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

“…After dewaxing, sections were stained with H&E and observed and analyzed under a microscope. Te infammation of histopathological results was scored according to the infltration area of the infammatory cells, and the swelling and shedding of epithelial cells [20][21][22]. Te grading system was as follows: 0 � no obvious infammatory cells infltration and epithelial cells swelling and shedding; 1 � a few infammatory cells infltration and no epithelial cells swelling and shedding; 2 � obvious infammatory cells infltration and a few epithelial cells swelling and shedding; 3 � obvious infammatory cells infltration and a large number of epithelial cells swelling and shedding; 4 � a large number of infammatory cells infltration and a large number of epithelial cells swelling and shedding.…”