Cervical Vertebrae Anomalies—Incidental Findings on Lateral Cephalograms

Soni, Priyavrat; Sharma, Vineet; Sengupta, Jaideep

doi:10.2319/091306-370.1

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In general, the straightening of the cervical spine is orthopedically desirable and consistent with physiological straightening during growth observed in Angle class II patients. In agreement with other studies prior orthodontic correction, the children revealed occipitoatlantal dislocation, basilar impression, hyperlordosis of the cervical spine, and retroflexion of the head [3,20,21]. A persistence of those findings led to atlas displacement, descendence of the hyoid, reducement of the pharyngeal size, persistence of mouth breathing, and further retrusion of the mandible [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Therapeutic effects of functional orthodontic appliances on cervical spine posture: a retrospective cephalometric study

et al. 2014

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IntroductionInteractions between the cervical spine and the stomatognathic system have been discussed in literature. The present study was conducted to investigate whether, and to what extent, orthodontically induced mandibular advancement produces changes in cervical spine posture. Furthermore, possible appliance-specific effects should be distinguished.Material and methodsThe cephalograms of 64 patients with skeletal class II were analysed before and after mandibular advancement. Linear and angular cephalometric parameters were identified to define the position of the atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial joints. The total example was divided into two subgroups (comprising 32 individuals each) according to the employed appliance: activator versus bite-jump appliance (BJA). Student's t-test and analysis of covariance were used for statistical analysis.ResultsOverall, a significant straightening of the cervical spine was observed during the treatment. This conclusion is based on changes of Chamberlain (p = 0.0055), CVT (p = 0.0003), OPT (p < 0.0001), Redlund-Johnell/Petersson (p < 0.0001), McGregor-mC2 (p = 0.0333) and AT-FH (p = 0.0445). Improvements in occipitoatlantal dislocation were also observed in the total sample. Appliance-specific changes were found in the activator subgroup for a number of linear parameters (Chamberlain, McGregor, CVT, OPT, Redlund-Johnell/Petersson). In contrast, only two linear parameters (OPT and Powers ratio) revealed statistically significant changes in the BJA subgroup.ConclusionsDuring skeletal class II treatment the position of upper cervical spine changes. In the activator subgroup the observed effects were more pronounced than those in the BJA subgroup. Further studies including a control group comprised with non-treated class II patients are needed to assess whether these effects may be caused directly by the appliances irrespective of growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Therapeutic effects of functional orthodontic appliances on cervical spine posture: a retrospective cephalometric study

et al. 2014

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“…The recent literature did contain publications of case reports [9][10][11][12] and studies of sella turcica morphology. 30,31 The impact of this study's findings, along with previous findings in the literature, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]22 certainly supports the position that all orthodontists who take lateral cephalograms should approach each image as a skull film and observe the entire head and neck. Then the film may be used as a source of morphometric measurements to assist in orthodontic diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] In addition, there have been questions about orthodontists' level of responsibility in discovering incidental abnormalities on radiographs. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Thus, the frequency of pathologies on lateral cephalograms that have been discovered by practicing orthodontists could be a factor in the decision to obtain those images. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency of significant pathologies on lateral cephalograms discovered by a sample of orthodontists during their careers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of pathologies by orthodontists on lateral cephalograms

Moffitt¹

2011

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To determine the frequency of significant pathologies on lateral cephalograms discovered by orthodontists during their careers. Materials and Methods: A five-statement survey was sent to the 417 active and affiliate members of the Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontists. The survey asked orthodontists to identify any significant radiographic pathology that they had discovered on lateral cephalograms during their careers to date. The data were analyzed statistically. Results: Of the 417 surveys, 201 were returned for a 48% response rate. Ninety-nine respondents or 49.3% of the sample had discovered at least one significant pathology. Of the 1.3 million patients observed by the orthodontists in the sample, 268 patients (0.02%) with significant pathologies had been identified. Younger orthodontists had a statistically greater potential to discover pathologies than older orthodontists. The general types of pathologies discovered were musculoskeletal (38%), glandular (28%), and dental groups (12%). Conclusions: About 50% of orthodontists will likely discover a significant, potentially life-affecting pathology on a lateral cephalogram. (Angle Orthod. 2011;81:58-63.)

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“…Significant cervical spine pathology can be detected on the routine lateral cephalogram. 3 Since ''the eye sees what the mind knows'', one of the aims of this article is to sensitize orthodontists to ''see'' the cervical spine and be equipped to identify departures from normal anatomy (Figures 1-3). The next step is to be aware of the implications of finding these departures from the normal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of ponticulus posticus in Indian orthodontic patients

Sharma

Chaudhary²,

Mitra³

2010

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of complete ponticulus posticus in Indian orthodontic patients. Methods: The presence and types of ponticuli posticus were investigated on 858 lateral cephalograms. Results: Complete ponticulus posticus was found in 4.3% of the subjects studied with a male (5.33%) predominance over female in the population (3.76%). Conclusions: Ponticulus posticus is not a rare anomaly and the patient must be told of the implications and importance of detecting ponticulus posticus on a lateral cephalogram. This information can prove beneficial for the diagnosis of head and neck symptoms later.

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Cervical Vertebrae Anomalies—Incidental Findings on Lateral Cephalograms

Cited by 51 publications

References 15 publications

Therapeutic effects of functional orthodontic appliances on cervical spine posture: a retrospective cephalometric study

Therapeutic effects of functional orthodontic appliances on cervical spine posture: a retrospective cephalometric study

Discovery of pathologies by orthodontists on lateral cephalograms

Prevalence of ponticulus posticus in Indian orthodontic patients

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