Cesarean section delivery and development of food allergy and atopic dermatitis in early childhood

Papathoma, E; Triga, Maria; Fouzas, Sotirios; Dimitriou, Gabriel

doi:10.1111/pai.12552

Cited by 100 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Greek birth cohort study showed that children born by CS had a threefold higher probability of FA in the first 3 years of life, especially those with allergic predisposition. 24 No effect was shown on the risk of AD, in agreement with previous findings. 18 Along this line, as antibiotics are frequently prescribed during the neonatal period among preterm infants, an antibiotic-induced delay in intestinal bacterial colonization may increase the risk for developing allergic disorders.…”

Section: Perinatal Influencessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Delivery by cesarean section (CS) may predispose the development of FA in early childhood presumably due to the lack of exposure to vaginal and perianal bacteria. A prospective Greek birth cohort study showed that children born by CS had a threefold higher probability of FA in the first 3 years of life, especially those with allergic predisposition . No effect was shown on the risk of AD, in agreement with previous findings .…”

Section: Perinatal Influencessupporting

confidence: 86%

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Food allergy and atopic dermatitis: Prediction, progression, and prevention

Mastrorilli

Caffarelli

Hoffmann‐Sommergruber

2017

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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The rising burden of allergic diseases in childhood requires a compelling need to identify individuals at risk for atopy very early in life or even predict the onset of food allergy and atopic dermatitis since pregnancy. The development and clinical phenotypes of atopic diseases in childhood depend on a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors, such as allergen exposure, air pollution, and infections. Preventive strategies may include avoidance measures, diet supplements, and early complementary food introduction. Overall, the management of allergic diseases has been improving to date toward a patient's tailored approach. This review will cover the current understanding of risk factors, prediction, and management of food allergy and atopic dermatitis in childhood and discuss how these may contribute to the modification of the natural history of food allergy and atopic dermatitis.

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Section: Perinatal Influencessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Perinatal Influencessupporting

confidence: 86%

Food allergy and atopic dermatitis: Prediction, progression, and prevention

Mastrorilli

Caffarelli

Hoffmann‐Sommergruber

2017

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Often, skin manifestations like atopic dermatitis (AD; or eczema) appear in infancy and can persist into adulthood. It is estimated that AD affects up to 20% of the population, especially in developed countries (15), and predisposes children to the development of food allergies in early childhood and to asthma by school age (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). This disease progression is often called the atopic or allergic march.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences on allergic mechanisms through gut, lung, and skin microbiome exposures

Kemter¹,

Nagler²

2019

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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In industrialized societies the incidence of allergic diseases like atopic dermatitis, food allergies, and asthma has risen alarmingly over the last few decades. This increase has been attributed, in part, to lifestyle changes that alter the composition and function of the microbes that colonize the skin and mucosal surfaces. Strategies that reverse these changes to establish and maintain a healthy microbiome show promise for the prevention and treatment of allergic disease. In this Review, we will discuss evidence from preclinical and clinical studies that gives insights into how the microbiota of skin, intestinal tract, and airways influence immune responses in the context of allergic sensitization.

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“…Delivery by cesarean section may predispose the newborn baby to FA, presumably due to modifications in the establishment of gut microbiota caused by a different initial exposure to microbes (59, 60). Continuous intake of antibiotics has a profound influence on the bacterial composition that colonize the intestinal track, which may affect the allergic response to food and which seems to be essential for the maintenance of homeostasis (61, 62).…”

Section: Genetic and Environmental Factors Involved In Famentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifactorial Modulation of Food-Induced Anaphylaxis

et al. 2017

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Prevalence of food-induced anaphylaxis increases progressively and occurs in an unpredictable manner, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Intrinsic factors including age, physiological, and genetic features of the patient as well as extrinsic factors such as the intake of drugs and exposure to environmental agents modulate this disorder. It has been proven that diseases, such as mastocytosis, defects in HLA, or filaggrin genes, increase the risk of severe allergic episodes. Certain allergen families such as storage proteins, lipid transfer proteins, or parvalbumins have also been linked to anaphylaxis. Environmental factors such as inhaled allergens or sensitization through the skin can exacerbate or trigger acute anaphylaxis. Moreover, the effect of dietary habits such as the early introduction of certain foods in the diet, and the advantage of the breastfeeding remain as yet unresolved. Interaction of allergens with the intestinal cell barrier together with a set of effector cells represents the primary pathways of food-induced anaphylaxis. After an antigen cross-links the IgEs on the membrane of effector cells, a complex intracellular signaling cascade is initiated, which leads cells to release preformed mediators stored in their granules that are responsible for the acute symptoms of anaphylaxis. Afterward, they can also rapidly synthesize lipid compounds such as prostaglandins or leukotrienes. Cytokines or chemokines are also released, leading to the recruitment and activation of immune cells in the inflammatory microenvironment. Multiple factors that affect food-induced anaphylaxis are discussed in this review, paying special attention to dietary habits and environmental and genetic conditions.

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Cesarean section delivery and development of food allergy and atopic dermatitis in early childhood

Abstract: Delivery by CS predisposes to the development of food allergy but not atopic dermatitis in early childhood. Cesarean section delivery seems to upregulate the immune response to food allergens, especially in children with allergic predisposition.

Cited by 100 publications

References 34 publications

Food allergy and atopic dermatitis: Prediction, progression, and prevention

Food allergy and atopic dermatitis: Prediction, progression, and prevention

Influences on allergic mechanisms through gut, lung, and skin microbiome exposures

Multifactorial Modulation of Food-Induced Anaphylaxis

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