Cesium, americium and plutonium isotopes in ground level air of vilnius

Evaluation of Radioactive Air Contamination due to a Forest Fire within the Exclusion Zone on June 5–8, 2018

“…The long-range transport of smoke plumes after the forest fires in the ChEZ and near it was observed by the satellites [5]. Increasing the 137 Cs activity concentration in the air was reported in Sweden [6] and Lithuania [7] during extensive forest fires in the radioactive contaminated territory of Ukraine and Belarus in 1987-2003. According to [8], several fires Wildland fires may result in additional contamination of the air both in the immediate vicinity of the fire territory and over long distances, including long-range atmospheric transport of fine aerosol.…”

“…The results of simulation of the radioactive aerosol atmospheric transport due to a fire in forest areas in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (near the ISF-2) during June [5][6][7][8]2018 are presented. To assess its consequences, a modeling complex of the Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants was used, which includes a mesoscale weather forecast model WRF, model of convective plume formation over the fire area, and the Lagrangian-Eulerian diffusion radionuclide atmospheric transport model LEDI.…”

Reactor accident chemistry an update

“…An increase of the 137 Cs level in the air in Vilnius did occur in September 1992, and as a result of a fire in 2002 the radioactive cesium level in Vilnius did increase again. It is interesting that the chemical form of the cesium differed between the 2002 and that which arrived in Lithuania in 1986 and 1992 (Lujaniene et al, 2006). The cesium in 2002 was in the form of an anionic substance while much of the cesium in the other 2 years was in a cationic form.…”

Recent trends and explanation for airborne137Cs activity level increases in France

“…Wildfires represent one of the main processes able to redistribute 137 Cs from former deposits both at local and remote scales [5][6][7][8][9][10]. According to the fire intensity, smoke plumes from vegetation fires are able to reach atmospheric layers up to several km from ground level and to travel over distances as long as several thousand kilometres or be maintained in the atmosphere up to 20 days [11] giving thus evidence for radionuclide redistribution and trans-boundary pollution conditions.…”

“…Among recent studies aimed at the 137 Cs distribution in various parts of the forest ecosystem, more than 70% and up to 99% of the 137 Cs is concentrated in the forest litter and upper mineral and/or organic layers of the soil [12,13]. The remainder part, only few per-cents of the 137 Cs inventory, is stored in the living biomass [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Nevertheless it was demonstrated that wood burning for domestic or collective purposes and release of smokes through fireplaces can also explain increases of airborne 137 Cs levels [14].…”