Cestodes and Nematodes of Antarctic Fishes and Birds

Rocka, Anna

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46343-8_6

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The cystidicolid nematode Ascarophis nototheniae was only detected in N. nudifrons in this study. It is one of six Antarctic nematodes maturing in fish and is common in Notothenioidei, especially Nototheniidae [ 86 ]. Ascarophis spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites of Three Closely Related Antarctic Fish Species (Teleostei: Nototheniinae) from Elephant Island

et al. 2021

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Background Studies of parasite communities and patterns in the Antarctic are an important knowledge base with the potential to track shifts in ecological relations and study the effects of climate change on host–parasite systems. Endemic Nototheniinae is the dominant fish group found in Antarctic marine habitats. Through their intermediate position within the food web, Nototheniinae link lower to higher trophic levels and thereby also form an important component of parasite life cycles. The study was set out to gain insight into the parasite fauna of Nototheniops larseni, N. nudifrons and Lepidonotothen squamifrons (Nototheniinae) from Elephant Island (Antarctica). Methods Sampling was conducted at three locations around Elephant Island during the ANT-XXVIII/4 expedition of the research vessel Polarstern. The parasite fauna of three Nototheniine species was analysed, and findings were compared to previous parasitological and ecological research collated from a literature review. Results All host species shared the parasites Neolebouria antarctica (Digenea), Corynosoma bullosum (Acanthocephala) and Pseudoterranova decipiens E (Nematoda). Other parasite taxa were exclusive to one host species in this study. Nototheniops nudifrons was infected by Ascarophis nototheniae (Nematoda), occasional infections of N. larseni with Echinorhynchus petrotschenkoi (Acanthocephala) and L. squamifrons with Elytrophalloides oatesi (Digenea) and larval tetraphyllidean Cestoda were detected. Conclusion All examined fish species’ parasites were predominantly euryxenous regarding their fish hosts. The infection of Lepidonotothen squamifrons with Lepidapedon garrardi (Digenea) and Nototheniops larseni with Echinorhynchus petrotschenkoi represent new host records. Despite the challenges and limited opportunities for fishing in remote areas, future studies should continue sampling on a more regular basis and include a larger number of fish species and sampling sites within different habitats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites of Three Closely Related Antarctic Fish Species (Teleostei: Nototheniinae) from Elephant Island

et al. 2021

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“…Among the sampled species, Cestoda (postlarvae) were the dominant parasite groups in terms of prevalence and intensity. Cestoda often use Antarctic elasmobranchs and birds as final hosts ( Rocka, 2017 ). For nematodes, except for Ascarophis nototheniae , Channichthyidae serve as intermediate hosts and marine mammals as final hosts and occurred as L3-larvae in the examined fishes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lighten up the dark: metazoan parasites as indicators for the ecology of Antarctic crocodile icefish (Channichthyidae) from the north-west Antarctic Peninsula

Kühn

Zizka

Münster

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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Due to its remote and isolated location, Antarctica is home to a unique diversity of species. The harsh conditions have shaped a primarily highly adapted endemic fauna. This includes the notothenioid family Channichthyidae. Their exceptional physiological adaptations have made this family of icefish the focus of many studies. However, studies on their ecology, especially on their parasite fauna, are comparatively rare. Parasites, directly linked to the food chain, can function as biological indicators and provide valuable information on host ecology (e.g., trophic interactions) even in remote habitats with limited accessibility, such as the Southern Ocean. In the present study, channichthyid fish (Champsocephalus gunnari: n = 25, Chaenodraco wilsoni: n = 33, Neopagetopsis ionah: n = 3, Pagetopsis macropterus: n = 4, Pseudochaenichthys georgianus: n = 15) were collected off South Shetland Island, Elephant Island, and the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula (CCAML statistical subarea 48.1). The parasite fauna consisted of 14 genera and 15 species, belonging to the six taxonomic groups including Digenea (four species), Nematoda (four), Cestoda (two), Acanthocephala (one), Hirudinea (three), and Copepoda (one). The stomach contents were less diverse with only Crustacea (Euphausiacea, Amphipoda) recovered from all examined fishes. Overall, 15 new parasite-host records could be established, and possibly a undescribed genotype or even species might exist among the nematodes.

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“…The total number of larvae were analyzed ( N = 25), and the number of measured larvae were ( N = 5) for every parameter. The identification was based on the main characteristics of larval anisakids, such as anteriorly located boring tooth or lips, the length of the ventriculus, the postanal tail’s shape, and the presence or absence of a terminal mucron (Pinto et al 1994 ; Rocka 2004 ). All body measurements were taken with ocular micrometers and photomicrographic images were obtained with a LEICA DM 750 microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular identification of third-stage larvae of Anisakis typica (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Red Sea coral trout, Plectropomus areolatus

et al. 2023

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Anisakidosis is a foodborne zoonotic infection induced by members of the family Anisakidae via the consumption of raw or undercooked fish such as sushi and sashimi. Identifying anisakid larval species is critical for the epidemiology and diagnosis of diseases caused by them. This study aimed at identifying Anisakis larvae collected from marine fish in Egyptian waters based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. Thirty marine fish bar-cheeked trout, Plectropomus maculatus, were collected from Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt, to investigate larval nematodes of the genus Anisakis. The larvae were detected encapsulated in the peritoneal cavity and muscle of the fish host. This examination revealed that anisakid larvae naturally infected 19 fish specimens with a prevalence of 63.33% and a mean intensity of 4.1 ± 0.40. Most of them (68 larvae: 71.57%) were found in the musculature. Morphological and morphometric analyses using light and scanning electron microscopy revealed a head region with a prominent boring tooth, inconspicuous lips, and a characteristic protruded cylindrical mucron. All larvae in this study possessed the same morphology as Anisakis Larval type I. Molecular analysis based on ITS region using maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic methods confirmed them as Anisakis typica. This is the first study to identify A. typica larvae from the commercial fish bar-cheeked trout P. maculatus in Egyptian waters using morphological and molecular methods.

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Cestodes and Nematodes of Antarctic Fishes and Birds

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

Parasites of Three Closely Related Antarctic Fish Species (Teleostei: Nototheniinae) from Elephant Island

Parasites of Three Closely Related Antarctic Fish Species (Teleostei: Nototheniinae) from Elephant Island

Lighten up the dark: metazoan parasites as indicators for the ecology of Antarctic crocodile icefish (Channichthyidae) from the north-west Antarctic Peninsula

Morphological and molecular identification of third-stage larvae of Anisakis typica (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Red Sea coral trout, Plectropomus areolatus

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