(CF3SO3)3Er-decorated black phosphorene for robust ambient stability and excellent flame retardancy in epoxy resin

Qu, Zhencai; Xu, Chaochao; Hu, Zhuorong; Li, Yue; Meng, Hao; Tan, Zhongchao; Shi, Jun; Wu, Kun

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108440

Cited by 24 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Composites also showed an increment of the temperature corresponding to the maximum degradation rate ( Table 2 ). These encouraging results about the improved thermal stability of the PS/PMMA blend agree with previous data indicating that fl-bP inhibits mass transfer and provides thermal insulation to shield the underlying polymer from the heat source [ 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Similar results have also been reported for other types of ultrathin 2D nanomaterials dispersed both in thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers [ 62 , 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, it has also been shown that bP can improve both the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of epoxy resins [ 32 , 33 ]. Advances have been achieved through functionalization of bP by adsorption of organic molecules [ 34 ] or surface coordination of metal ligands [ 35 , 36 ]. For example, bP was coordinated with a ruthenium sulfonate and a lanthanide metal ligand, respectively, achieving excellent stability in ambient conditions and common solvents, and increasing the dispersibility in epoxy resin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices

et al. 2021

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Exfoliated black phosphorus (bP) embedded into a polymer is preserved from oxidation, is stable to air, light, and humidity, and can be further processed into devices without degrading its properties. Most of the examples of exfoliated bP/polymer composites involve a single polymer matrix. Herein, we report the preparation of biphasic polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (50/50 wt.%) composites containing few-layer black phosphorus (fl-bP) (0.6–1 wt.%) produced by sonicated-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed the integrity of fl-bP, while scanning electron microscopy evidenced the influence of fl-bP into the coalescence of polymeric phases. Furthermore, the topography of thin films analyzed by atomic force microscopy confirmed the effect of fl-bP into the PS dewetting, and the selective PS etching of thin films revealed the presence of fl-bP flakes. Finally, a block copolymer/fl-bP composite (1.2 wt.%) was prepared via in situ reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization by sonication-assisted exfoliation of bP into styrene. For this sample, 31P solid-state NMR and Raman spectroscopy confirmed an excellent preservation of bP structure.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices

et al. 2021

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“…After the addition of 0.3 wt% BP‐NH 2 , the T p of EP/DOPO‐0.4/BP‐NH 2 ‐0.3 is further reduced to 146.5 °C. The above results indicate that BP‐NH 2 is helpful to promote the ring‐opening reaction and thus boost the polymerization process, which is mainly due to that the active hydrogen in the amine groups of BP‐NH 2 is conducive to promote the polarization of epoxy group and is in accordance with the results from the literature, [ 51 ] leading to the lower curing temperature of the DGEBA/DDM/DOPO/BP‐NH 2 system.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…[ 53 ] Further analysis of the high‐resolution P 2p spectra (Figure 8b,c) shows that EP/DOPO‐0.4 possesses two peaks (P‐O at 133.8 eV and P=O at 134.6 eV) due to the decomposition of DOPO during combustion. While an additional P 2 O 5 peak appears at 135.4 eV in EP/DOPO‐0.4/BP‐NH 2 ‐0.3, [ 44,51,53 ] which can be ascribed to the formation of the phosphorus oxides (PO x ) from the decomposition of BP‐NH 2 . [ 54 ] By combining the results of Raman and TG‐FTIR analyses, it is shown that BP‐NH 2 and DOPO synergistically decomposed into phosphate and gas‐phase PO· radicals, which enhance the char‐forming ability and gas‐phase flame retardant effect of the composites during the combustion process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of New Functional Flame‐Retardant System for High‐Performance Epoxy Thermosets Enabled by Bifunctional Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus and Synergistic Strategy

Pan

Chu

et al. 2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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In this paper, a new highly effective functional flame-retardant system is designed and fabricated by the combination of bifunctional amino-functionalized few-layer black phosphorus (BP-NH 2 ) and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), and BP-NH 2 is utilized as both the flame-retarded synergistic agent of DOPO and the reinforcing agent for bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) epoxy thermoset. The cured epoxy thermoset with a low phosphorus loading (EP/DOPO-0.4/BP-NH 2 -0.3, P content = 0.5 wt%) passes the UL-94 V-0 rating with a limiting oxygen index of 34.5%. EP/DOPO-0.4/BP-NH 2 -0.3 also shows 20.8% and 16.0% reduction in the peak heat release rate and total heat release as compared to that of pure epoxy thermoset. Furthermore, EP/DOPO-0.4/BP-NH 2 -0.3 exhibits significant enhancements in tensile modulus and strength, which are, respectively, increased by 11.4% and 18.0%. Thus, by combining a synergistic effect strategy and the bifunctional BP-NH 2 , the fabrication of epoxy thermosets with high comprehensive (outstanding flame-resistance and mechanical properties) performance can be achieved. This paper offers a facile and scalable approach to construct a highly-effective functional flame-retardant system and new insight into the versatility of BP-NH 2 , possessing great potential for scalable production and utilization in fire-safe high-performance matrix materials.

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“…They are widely used in various fields from daily life to high‐end technology. Epoxy resin (EP) has electrical insulating properties and is used for potting electronic components 1–3 . However, EP is a flammable material and would easily lead to fires when it is close to heat and power sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From laboratory to industrialization: Eco‐friendly flame retardant endowing epoxy resin with excellent flame retardancy, transparency, and mechanical properties

Qiao

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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To eliminate the fire safety hazards (flammability and smoke toxicity) of epoxy resins (EP), while reaching industrial production of flame retardants, we proposed a facile strategy to successfully synthesize an industrially scalable phosphorus‐nitrogen flame retardant (named FNU) by the substitution reaction of 2‐(2‐aminoethylamino) ethanol and 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxo‐10‐phosphofi‐10‐oxide. FNU was synthesized in a simple and heat‐free step with room temperature stirring, and such process optimizations facilitate industrially scalable. As expected, FNU endowed EP with excellent flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. EP mixing with 10 phr of FNU reached the highest limiting oxygen index value of 44.5%, UL‐94 reached V‐0 level, total smoke production and total heat release were reduced by 15.5% and 19.8% compared with pure EP. Residual carbon analysis showed that the presence of FNU could promote to form dense and continuous carbon layer. Thermogravimetric analysis‐infrared spectrometry results demonstrated a significant reduction in the pyrolysis products, especially in the yield of CO. Moreover, the structure of FNU contained aromatic rigid and reactive amine groups that significantly improved the mechanical properties of EP without affecting its transparency, retaining its value for applications in optical materials.

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(CF3SO3)3Er-decorated black phosphorene for robust ambient stability and excellent flame retardancy in epoxy resin

Cited by 24 publications

References 47 publications

Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices

Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices

Design of New Functional Flame‐Retardant System for High‐Performance Epoxy Thermosets Enabled by Bifunctional Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus and Synergistic Strategy

From laboratory to industrialization: Eco‐friendly flame retardant endowing epoxy resin with excellent flame retardancy, transparency, and mechanical properties

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