CFD Analysis of 3D Flow for 1.4 MW Francis Turbine and Model Turbine Manufacturing

Ayli, Ece; Kaplan, Alper; Cetinturk, Huseyin; Kavurmaci, Berat; Demirel, Gizem; Çelebioğlu, Kutay; Aradağ, Selin

doi:10.1115/detc2015-46258

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Leaning is defined from the hub to decease cavitation. Per previous studies of Ayli et al [20,21] and the results examined in this research, (V20 to V23), it is observed that increasing the lean in the direction of rotation improves the cavitation characteristics.…”

Section: Cfd Based Design Of the New Turbinesupporting

confidence: 77%

Rehabilitation of Francis Turbines of Power Plants with Computational Methods

Çelebioğlu¹,

Aradağ²,

Ayli³

et al. 2018

Hittite J. Sci. Eng.

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R ehabilitation of hydraulic turbines of existing power plants is an important topic because of the low performance, poor reliability, frequent maintenance intervals and undesirable cavitation properties of old turbines at the plants. Rehabilitation projects increased worldwide to improve turbine designs and to reach the desired performance characteristics, especially with the improvements in computational power and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology. However, rehabilitation of old power plants is often more difficult than the design of the turbines for new power plants since most of the existing parts cannot be altered because some of the parts are buried and the space is limited with the size of the old turbine.Both experimental and numerical methods are common in the design [1] Su et al. [4] computed the three-dimensional turbulent flow in Francis turbines using Large Eddy Simulations (LES). They used unstructured meshes for the spiral case and the runner, while structured meshes were utilized for the remaining components. They found out that cavitation was observed at the suction side of the blade under partial load conditions. Patel et al.[5] also performed three-dimensional, unsteady CFD simulations for Francis turbines. They investigated the effect of partial loading on turbine performance. The A B S T R A C T R ehabilitation of existing hydroelectric power plants (HEPP) by redesigning the hydraulic turbines is usually more elaborate than designing a tailor-made turbine for a new plant. Some of the parts are buried and the space is limited with the size of the old turbine; therefore, this increases the number of constraints imposed on the design. This article presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based rehabilitation procedure involving the state of the art redesign of the turbine of a hydroelectric power plant for better performance at design and off-design conditions of several head and flow rates. Runner and guide vanes of the Francis turbine are designed per the design head and flow rates available for the turbine at the site. The simulations for the designed parts are performed both separately and using all turbine parts as full turbine analyses. Both the design and off-design conditions are simulated for the newly designed and existing turbines for comparison purposes. Cavitation performance of the new design is also determined. The proposed methodology is applicable to any Francis type turbine and any HEPP that needs rehabilitation.

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Section: Cfd Based Design Of the New Turbinesupporting

confidence: 77%

Rehabilitation of Francis Turbines of Power Plants with Computational Methods

Çelebioğlu¹,

Aradağ²,

Ayli³

et al. 2018

Hittite J. Sci. Eng.

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“…Series: Hydraulic machines and hydraulic units, № 1ʹ2019 The obtained calculated data correspond to the previously known experimental recommendations on the positive effect of a small swirl flow at the entrance to the draft tube on the amount of losses in it [7,[18][19][20] and on the optimal, from the point of view of minimizing inductive losses, distribution pattern of the tangential velocity component an increase in its values in the peripheral region.…”

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confidence: 79%

Research of Fluid Flow in Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Formulation in the Flow Part of a High-Pressure Francis Turbine

Mironov¹,

Oleksenko²

2019

HM and HU

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The paper presents some results of a computational study of the spatial flow of a viscous fluid in a high-pressure Francis turbine Fr500 (in the optimal mode). To improve the energy performance at the preliminary design stage of the turbine, numerical flow simulations should be carried out. The difficulty of solving the problem posed is due both to the complex spatial geometry of the blade system of the runner and the varying degree of influence of the working bodies on the formation of energy characteristics. This CFD approach reduces costs and time in comparison with the experimental approach and makes it possible to improve and analyze turbine performance and its design before the model is manufactured. The computational complex of programs provides an opportunity to see the picture of pressure distribution, the field of velocity vectors and the movement of fluid particles for substantiation and analysis of results. Numerical modeling of the spatial flow in the flow part of the turbine was carried out to determine changes in the energy characteristics, therefore, the kε turbulence model was chosen, this model is the most successful model of first-level turbulence of the circuit. The results of the computational study confirm that the hydraulic efficiency of a hydraulic turbine largely depends on the losses in the guide vane and the runner, which means it is these elements that should be given the most attention, their design and coordination of the flow in them. Analysis of the energy loss in the flow part of the Francis turbine was carried out using programs for calculating fluid flow in twodimensional and three-dimensional formulation. The obtained calculated data correspond to the previously known experimental recommendations for high-pressure Francis turbine. The issues of increasing the energy performance of a projected high-pressure Francis turbine were considered.

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“…The design methodology used for the CFD-aided design of hydraulic turbines is explained in detail in Ayli et al (2015). In the present study, parameter studies were performed for four different existing HEPP turbine runners (Akin et al, 2013;Ayancik et al, 2014;Ayli et al, 2015) in order to obtain generalized results that are valid for all Francis turbine runners. The turbines investigated in this study are numbered Turbine 1 to Turbine 4 for ease of reference and their general performance values are presented in Table 2.…”

Section: Properties Of the Designed Turbines And Design Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important component of Francis-type hydraulic turbines is the runner, which controls the power generation and cavitation characteristics. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become an effective tool for analyzing fluid flow over the past decades, especially in turbomachinery (Ayli et al, 2015;Round, 2004). Runner design can be considerably improved using experimental and CFD-based techniques (Daneshkah & Zangeneh, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination and generalization of the effects of design parameters on Francis turbine runner performance

Ayli

Çelebioğlu

Aradağ

2016

Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics

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The runner design is the most challenging part of the turbine design process. Several parameters determine the performance and cavitation characteristics of the runner: the metal angle (flow beta angle), the alpha angle, the blade beta angle, the runner inlet and outlet diameters, and the blade height. All of these geometrical parameters need to be optimized to ensure that the head, flow rate and power requirements of the system are met. A hydraulic designer has to allocate time to optimize these parameters and should be experienced in carrying out the iterative design process. In this article, the turbine runner parameters that affect the performance and cavitation characteristics of designed turbines are examined in detail. Furthermore, turbines are custom designed according to the properties of hydroelectric power plants; this makes the design process even more challenging, as the rotational speed, runner geometry, system head and flow rate vary for each turbine. The effects of the design parameters are examined for four different turbine runners specifically designed and used in actual power plants in order to obtain general results and generalizations applicable to turbine design aided by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The flow behavior, flow angles, head losses, pressure distribution, and cavitation characteristics are computed, analyzed, and compared. To assist hydraulic designers, the general influences of these parameters on the performance of turbines are summarized and empirical formulations are derived for runner performance characterization.

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CFD Analysis of 3D Flow for 1.4 MW Francis Turbine and Model Turbine Manufacturing

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Rehabilitation of Francis Turbines of Power Plants with Computational Methods

Rehabilitation of Francis Turbines of Power Plants with Computational Methods

Research of Fluid Flow in Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Formulation in the Flow Part of a High-Pressure Francis Turbine

Determination and generalization of the effects of design parameters on Francis turbine runner performance

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