CFD analysis of Pd-Ag membrane reactor performance during ethylbenzene dehydrogenation process

Ghasemzadeh, Kamran; Zeynali, R.; Bahadori, Fatemeh; Basile, Angelo

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.09.112

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, such extended CFD models are not yet state of the art. At present, CFD models are one of the most important tools in design and development of modern electrochemical devices, such as electrolyzers [1,2], membrane reactors [3,4], solid oxide fuel cells and PEM fuel cells [5][6][7]. Currently, the CFD models are considered as virtual sensors and are used to observe local processes and effects inside the cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation of an Industrial PEM Fuel Cell with Local Degradation Effects

et al. 2020

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The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell model of a commercial software package is presented. The basic performance model is extended by two chemical degradation effects: ionomer degradation and carbon corrosion including platinum oxidation. The ionomer degradation model describes the ionomer mass loss due to hydrogen peroxide formation and subsequent attack of the ionomer by radicals. The carbon corrosion model calculates the carbon mass loss caused by carbon oxidation and the active area reduction due to platinum oxidation. The degradation models are coupled with an agglomerate model of the catalyst layer. The model is validated against measurements on an industrial cell. For these measurements, the cell is equipped with a segmented measuring board, which is used to measure the current density distribution and high frequency resistance of every segment. In order to test the predictability of the model under different operating conditions, measurements for stoichiometry and pressure variations are carried out. Calculated and measured current density distributions of the cell, aged by an accelerated stress test, are compared for the validation of the degradation model. Moreover, 3D simulation results of the fresh and aged cells are analyzed in detail and the influence of operating conditions on fuel cell aging is pointed out.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation of an Industrial PEM Fuel Cell with Local Degradation Effects

et al. 2020

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“…By this way, the aerodynamics of vehicles like GM and Ford was deeply improved based on CFD studies. Currently, the simulation to characterize and solve problems using CFD is widely used due to the existence of a greater number of researchers involved in this issue, as well as due to the existence of more powerful computers [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies, such as to predict the velocity, pressure, and density profiles; concentration and distribution of the process gas species; plasma improvement by optimizing the vacuum system; design and modelling of the anodic chamber reactor; collisions process between target and substrate; effect of the turbulence in biomass combustion; vapors' behavior from materials and gases deposition, were also performed using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation [29,30,[34][35][36]. The simulation tool is widely used to study and fix real problems [37], and thus, avoiding the cost of equipment stoppages [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following sections will mention research works with FEM simulation, namely, the study of mechanical properties, defects and deformation material, wear and tribological performance of tools, contact between the coated PVD tool and the workpiece, PVD coating thermomechanical properties, coating fracture surface and CFD simulation, namely, process gas species into the sputtering chamber, temperature, pressure and velocity distribution optimization, fluid flow dynamics, thermal evaluation in a reactor design, evaluate, predict, improve and/or optimize processes like in biomass combustion [34,[38][39][40][41], in fuel combustion [42], in different conditions and reactors types, such as solar tubular, a continuous Photo Fuel Cell (PFC), tubular Pd-Ag membrane, industrial Claus and industrial PVD reactors, among others [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. These challenges motivated researchers to improve performance of coatings, giving rise to several variants of coatings techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The knowledge acquired about the problems and their formulation and characterization allows to better understand the real characteristics of the problem. In the end, an implementation and validation through a real-scale test must be done, making the model truly dependable [26,27,29]. The simulation used in many mathematical models to study the tribological material characteristics serves to improve the surfaces' protection, and thus, to be more resistant to wear and corrosion phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation Applied to PVD Reactors: An Overview

et al. 2018

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The technological evolution in the last century also required an evolution of materials and coatings. Therefore, it was necessary to make mechanical components subject to heavy wear more reliable, improving their mechanical strength and durability. Surfaces can contribute decisively to extending the lifespan of mechanical components. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) technologies have emerged to meet the new requirements that have enabled a remarkable improvement in the morphology, composition and structure of films as well as an improved adhesion to the substrate allowing a greater number of diversified applications. Thin films deposition using PVD coatings has been contributing to tribological improvement, protecting their surfaces from wear and corrosion, as well as enhancing their appearance. This process can be an advantage over other processes due to their excellent properties and environmental friendly behavior, which gives rise to a large number of studies in mathematical modelling and numerical simulation, like finite element method (FEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This review intends to contribute to a better PVD process knowledge, in the fluids and heat area, using CFD simulation methods focusing on the process energy efficiency improvement regarding the industrial context with the sputtering technique.

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