CFD benchmark on hydrogen release and dispersion in confined, naturally ventilated space with one vent

Giannissi, S.G.; Shentsov, Volodymyr; Melideo, Daniele; Cariteau, B.; Baraldi, Daniele; Venetsanos, A.G.; Molkov, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.12.013

Cited by 42 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Therefore the widespread utilization of hydrogen requires proper mitigative or preventive technologies to keep the total volume of the hydrogen release being smaller than 4% (lower flammability limit) or greater than 75% (upper flammability limit) [1][2][3] However, the distribution behaviors of the released hydrogen are difficult to be presented/quantified in experimental tests. In this regard, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is capable of simulating the release of hydrogen with defined boundary conditions and the CFD simulation has been IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2198/1/012017 2 proven an effective method to predict a short and long term dispersion of hydrogen [4][5][6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion analysis of hydrogen released from a fuel cell electric vehicles with ventilations

Hou

Wei

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Hydrogen is one of most attractive clean energy and has been broadly used as fuel for vehicles. However, the accidental leakage of the hydrogen may cause fire and casualties. So, it is extremely important to have a good knowledge of the leaking hydrogen dispersion. This study focuses on the effect of vent amount, location and wind pattern on the distribution of leaked hydrogen using CFD models. The dispersion of high-pressure hydrogen horizontally released from a hydrogen fuel cell transit bus in an enclosure with multiple vents is simulated using CFD models. The results figure out an improvement in ventilation with two vents or forced wind imposed at the vents and the results also illustrate keeping distance between two vents makes the improvement much apparently. The hydrogen mass fraction at monitors closed to the vents that is imposed with the wind keeps low level. As a result, all these kinds of positions are not suggested to be the locations for installing the sensors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion analysis of hydrogen released from a fuel cell electric vehicles with ventilations

Hou

Wei

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…For instance, in [8] it is mentioned that not every partner conducted grid independence study and in some cases, time step was set to allow finishing calculations within logical time and thus suffered from low precision. Moreover, different grid types (hexahedral, tetrahedral and hybrid) were used without investigating their effect on the results [11]. For all the above, the first aim of the current study is to demonstrate the use of BPG that have been developed [13] for hydrogen safety CFD simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the CFD modelling of hydrogen dispersion at low-Reynolds number release in closed facility

Giannissi

Tolias

Melideo

et al. 2021

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Hydrogen release inside closed facilities could cause explosions with harmful consequences. Safety assessment should be performed in order to design prevention and mitigation measures in case of such an accident. A numerical study for helium (as hydrogen surrogate) accumulation inside a closed facility representative of a real-scale garage at low release rate is conducted. Due to the nature of the examined flow several turbulence modelling approaches (RANS and LES type) and the laminar approach were examined with the aim to evaluate their predictive capabilities in flows resulting from low-Reynolds number leaks. Best practice guidelines are followed in the simulations and the comparison of computational results with experimental data showed that RANS and LES approaches reproduced well the gas distribution inside the facility, while laminar approach predicted more enhanced stratification at the release phase.Statistical Performance Measures were used to evaluate the models and narrower acceptable ranges are suggested for releases in indoor configurations compared to open environments.

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“…This is a typical problem that arises in wind tunnel experiments of pollutant dispersion in urban environment, but also in the scaled-down experimental analysis of hazardous gas releases in closed spaces such as tunnels or warehouses. The literature about this topic is quite extended, encompassing both papers specifically devoted to scaling procedures (Hall and Walker, 1997; Obasaju and Robins, 1998), guidelines for modelling atmospheric diffusion (Snyder, 1981; Snyder, 1985) or plume dispersion (Mavroidis et al , 2003), experimental validation of CFD simulations of near-field pollutant dispersion (Gousseau et al , 2011; Gupta et al , 2012; Tominaga and Stathopoulos, 2013; Tominaga and Stathopoulos, 2016; Yassin, 2013) and experimental and/or numerical investigation of hydrogen releases in confined (Ekoto et al , 2012; Houf et al , 2012; Houf et al , 2013), but also possibly ventilated (Giannissi et al , 2015) spaces. A wealth of investigations has been carried out to simulate the atmospheric boundary layer in wind tunnels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling procedure for designing accidental gas release experiment

Moscatello

Uggenti

Iuso

et al. 2020

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a procedure to design an experimental setup meant to validate an innovative approach for simulating, via computational fluid dynamics, a high-pressure gas release from a rupture (e.g. on an offshore oil and gas platform). The design is based on a series of scaling exercises, some of which are anything but trivial. Design/methodology/approach The experimental setup is composed of a wind tunnel, the instrumented scaled (1:10) mock-up of an offshore platform and a gas release system. A correct scaling approach is necessary to define the reference speed in the wind tunnel and the conditions of the gas release to maintain similarity with respect to the real-size phenomena. The scaling of the wind velocity and the scaling of the gas release were inspired by the approach proposed by Hall et al. (1997): a dimensionless group was chosen to link release parameters, wind velocity and geometric scaling factor. Findings The theoretical scaling approaches for each different part of the setup were applied to the design of the experiment and some criticalities were identified, such as the existence of a set of case studies with some release parameters laying outside the applicability range of the developed scaling methodology, which will be further discussed. Originality/value The resulting procedure is one of a kind because it involves a multi-scaling approach because of the different aspects of the design. Literature supports for the different scaling theories but, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, fails to provide an integrated approach that considers the combined effects of scaling.

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CFD benchmark on hydrogen release and dispersion in confined, naturally ventilated space with one vent

Cited by 42 publications

References 30 publications

Dispersion analysis of hydrogen released from a fuel cell electric vehicles with ventilations

Dispersion analysis of hydrogen released from a fuel cell electric vehicles with ventilations

On the CFD modelling of hydrogen dispersion at low-Reynolds number release in closed facility

Scaling procedure for designing accidental gas release experiment

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