CFD Modelling of Flow Interaction in the Breathing Zone of a Virtual Thermal Manikin

Ivanov, M. P.; Mijorski, Sergey

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1093

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breathing is the most essential activity of the human body and practically people cannot exist without breathing [1,2,3]. By the exchange of inhaled and exhaled air, the human organism is decontaminated from the harmful substances and gases, generated by the metabolism [3,4,5]. An extremely important part of the respiratory function is also the removal of carbon dioxide from the lungs, and thus purifying the blood system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Healthy adults usually breathe in and out between 10 and 15 times per minute, depending on the degree of their physical activity. Children inhale and exhale between 18 and 20 times per minute [3,5]. Also, about 0.6 liters of air is exchanged between the lungs and the environment during a normal breathing cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exhaled air speed measurements of respiratory air flow, generated by ten different human subjects, under uncontrolled conditions

Ivanov

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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The presented study reveals a multi-point experimental measurement of the airflow speed, generated in the exhalation phase from the human respiratory cycle, based on data from 10 real human subjects. The results obtained demonstrate the exceptional irregularity and the transient character of the human respiratory cycle, in terms of measured speed at different points of man-generated exhalation air flow. The presented exponential trend lines show as expected, that there is a reduction in the exhalation speed, with the increase of the distance from the nose. The summary analysis shows that at 10 cm distance from the nose the maximum as well as the average measured speeds are higher than the one, measured at 5 cm distance. This suggests that due to the physiology of the human nose, 5 cm distance is not enough to characterize the fully developed exhalation jet flow. It is suggested that at this distance the exhalation jets are still two, issuing from each nostril, with different flowrate ratio. The obtained flow characteristics can be used to compare, validate and verify data from conducted numerical studies of the breathing process, via virtual models or real breathing thermal mannikins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exhaled air speed measurements of respiratory air flow, generated by ten different human subjects, under uncontrolled conditions

Ivanov

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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“…A simplified structure of a virtual thermal manikin with breathing functionality is suggested by the authors in this paper, and the first stage of the breathing flow modelling is presented in [5]. This structure signifies an opportunity for real manikin's production cost optimization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nasal valve opening was built according to the study of Lin [8] and was initially used by the authors in [5]. The nasal opening area is 7.3 x 10 -5 m 2 , as shown on Fig.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometrical form assessment of a CFD based breathing thermal manikins, designed by simplified polygonal shapes

Ivanov

Mijorski²

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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The presented paper focuses on a CFD based analyses of the complexity in the geometrical shape of the breathing thermal manikins, associated with their main functionalities. Both impacts of the external manikin’s form were studied – over the velocity and over the temperature fields in the thermal plume zone above the head. Three different geometrical shapes are analysed – a physiologically identified (called Humanoid Manikin) and two other shapes, designed to match the overall 95th percentile of the anthropometric size of the standard person (called Polygonal Manikins). The first model represents a comprehensive multifaceted figure of a manikin with high degree of physiological identity with a female human being. The second and third one, are simplified, but still with anatomically realistic component forms, accurately representing the anthropometric size of a standard person. The difference between them is in the presence of additional flow optimization collars in the third model. The numerical results demonstrate the clear impact of the manikins’ geometrical characteristics over the simulated breathing and convective flows. The optimization with the proposed collars had a positive effect over the resulted flow acceleration at top head and chest zones. However, the improvement of the flow characteristics was observed for two of the simulated three breathing phases and further shape optimization is required.

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Experimental Simulation of the Human Respiration

Kohl

Lange

Schmeling

2021

Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design

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CFD Modelling of Flow Interaction in the Breathing Zone of a Virtual Thermal Manikin

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Exhaled air speed measurements of respiratory air flow, generated by ten different human subjects, under uncontrolled conditions

Exhaled air speed measurements of respiratory air flow, generated by ten different human subjects, under uncontrolled conditions

Geometrical form assessment of a CFD based breathing thermal manikins, designed by simplified polygonal shapes

Experimental Simulation of the Human Respiration

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