CFD Simulation Analysis of Building Density on Residential Wind Environment

Abstract

With the rapid urbanization and expansion of construction demands in China, the continuously increasing density of residential buildings has led to outdoor pedestrian discomfort in residential wind environment. To analyze the relationship between residential building density and wind environment, simulation cases of residential buildings with different building densities were presented in this study. First, the wind environment characteristics of residential districts with different building densities were established via computer numerical simulation. Second, wind speed ratio (WSR) and age of air (AA) distribution were calculated at pedestrian height. Finally, the quantitative relationship between residential outdoor wind environment and building density was proposed. Results demonstrate a negative linear correlation between the building density and outdoor mean wind speed ratio (MWSR) of residential districts and a positive linear relationship between building density and mean age of air (MAA). When residential building density increased from 0.18 to 0.32, the MWSR in the district decreased by 0.18, whereas MAA increased by 58.63 s. As residential building density increases, the WSR within the residential district decreases and the age of air (AA) increases, which affect the outdoor comfort of residents. This study provides references for improving the wind environment of high-density residential districts and for optimizing residential layout planning.

CFD Simulation Analysis of the Influence of Floor Area Ratio on the Wind Environment in Residential Districts

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Optimization Strategy of Traditional Block Form Based on Field Investigation—A Case Study of Xi’an Baxian’an, China

“…The results showed that the wind speed ratios of open spaces and lane entrances are higher than those of other places [49]. The simulation results of Hu et al indicated that when the residential BD increases from 0.18 to 0.32, the mean wind speed ratio of the residential area decreases by 0.18 [50]. Guo et al considered that there was a negative correlation between ventilation efficiency and BD in Dalian City, and proposed measures such as using ventilation channels and increasing building height to improve urban ventilation performance [18].…”

Impact of Enclosure Boundary Patterns and Lift-Up Design on Optimization of Summer Pedestrian Wind Environment in High-Density Residential Districts

“…Hadavi and Pasdarshahri quantified the effects of the wind velocity, urban planning district density, and urban form on the infiltration rate via CFD simulations, and concluded that building tightness enhancement could reduce the infiltration rate and augment the exfiltration rate [20]. Hu et al analyzed the relationship between the residential building density and wind environment and reported that when the residential building density increases from 0.18 to 0.32, the outdoor average wind velocity ratio decreases by 0.18 and the average air age increases by 58.63 s [21]. Hong and Lin compared the wind environments of several residential areas with different layout patterns and tree arrangements and concluded that orienting the long facades of buildings parallel to the prevailing wind direction can yield satisfactory thermal comfort [22].…”