CFD Simulation of the Dispersion of Exhaust Gases in a Traffic Loaded Street of Astana, Kazakhstan

Abstract

Abstract:The aim of this paper is to consider one of the most traffic-loaded regions of Astana city (Kazakhstan) and to determine the concentration of carbon-monoxide (CO) in the air during the peak hours. CFD analysis based on the SolidWorks-EFD platform was used to simulate the dispersion of contaminants given the estimated emission rates and weather conditions at the crossroad of Bogenbay Batyr and Zhenis Avenues in Astana.Turbulence prediction was based on k-ε model with wall functions. The governing equations were discretized using the finite volume method and a 2 nd order spatial scheme. The mesh verification was based on 1% convergence criterion for a 50% of mesh density increment; air pressure near the wall of a selected building was chosen as the parameter to control the convergence. Numerical results are presented for prevailing conditions during all 4 seasons of the year, demonstrating that the highest levels of CO are recorded in summer and reach the values up to 11.2 ppm which are still lower than the maximum level admitted for humans. Nevertheless, obtained results show that Astana is gradually becoming a city that is likely to reach the critical levels of pollutants in the nearest future if control measures are not taken with enough anticipation. As for a future work, it is proposed to perform in-situ validation of specific scenarios to check and support the results obtained with CFD and to develop then specific policies for tackling the problem before it becomes evident.

Determination of the Reliability of Air Pollution Measurement Data Based on Vehicular Emission Recognized as Concomitant in Astana

“…Subsequently, the vector is reconverted back into longitude and latitude coordinates. It is worth noting that the normalization of the vector might not be necessary for this averaging process, thereby permitting a straightforward summation to derive the desired average: (2) where: -is the arctangent of a divided by b. This function takes two arguments and returns the angle, in radians, between the positive x-axis and the point (b, a) in the Cartesian coordinate system, -is the Variables representing the Cartesian coordinates of a point, -is a constant representing the conversion factor from radians to degrees.…”

“…The country's reliance on coal-fired power plants and other facilities for electricity generation also contributes significantly to its air pollution levels. Many households and businesses rely on coal-fired boilers and stoves as they lack access to gas heating, resulting in high PM2.5 emissions [2]. As heating demand increases during the winter, coal consumption can double at coal-fired power stations and other facilities, leading to rising air pollution levels, particularly in cities and towns near these emission sources.…”

A Brief Study on the Implementation of Helical Cross-Flow Hydrokinetic Turbines for Small Scale Power Generation in the Indian SHP Sector

“…2016;Letchumanan et al 2021;Singh & Nataraj. 2014;Prabhu et al 2002;Akhatova et al 2015). The solver assigns computational domain and necessary features with hexahedral mesh by default.…”