CFD simulation of urban microclimate: Validation using high-resolution field measurements

Abstract

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Scaled outdoor experimental studies of urban thermal environment in street canyon models with various aspect ratios and thermal storage

“…Dallman et al (2014) constructed a 2D street canyon with ship containers (H=2.5 m, H/W=2/3) to measure the wind or heat-dominated flow characteristics and they defined a buoyancy factor to distinguish the dominant mechanism. Such scaled outdoor measurements can also provide high-quality parametric experimental data for numerical simulation and theoretical modeling (Silva et al, 2009;Toparlar et al, 2015;Yang and Li, 2015;Meroney et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2017;Athamena et al, 2018a andLiang et al, 2018;Antoniou et al, 2019). This paper aims to present a scaled outdoor model which mimic 2D street canyon, and investigate the impact of urban thermal storage (i.e.…”

Modelling urban-scale occupant behaviour, mobility, and energy in buildings: A survey

“…The introduction of human physiology in microclimate models allow to compute human comfort by means of some of the most widely diffused thermal-comfort indicators such as PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PET (Physiological Equivalent Temperature). This possibility paved the way to a synergistic approach combining microclimate modelling, in-field surveying, and outdoor comfort investigations in a compelling method for assessing urban development effect on temperature distribution, wind flows, and consequently, pedestrians' thermal comfort [210,211]. Concerning acoustic comfort in cities, two main numerical approaches can be used: purely physical and soundscape models.…”

Technological and Operational Aspects That Limit Small Wind Turbines Performance

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“…and σ k and σ are Prandtl numbers, and C ε1 , C ε2 and C µ are model constant [54,55,59]. The above CFD formulation is known as the Standard k − ε model (SKE).…”