CH3NH3Br solution as a novel platform for the selective fluorescence detection of Pb2+ ions

Abstract

The development of a simple fluorescent sensor for detecting the Pb2+ heavy metal is fundamentally important. The CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite material exhibits excellent photoluminescence properties that are related to Pb2+. Based on the effects of Pb2+ on the luminescent properties of CH3NH3PbBr3, we design a novel platform for the selective fluorescence detection of Pb2+ ions. Herein, we use a CH3NH3Br solution at a high concentration as the fluorescent probe. Incorporation of PbBr2 into the CH3NH3Br solution results in a rapid chemical reaction to form CH3NH3PbBr3. Hence, the nonfluorescent CH3NH3Br material displays a sensitive and selective luminescent response to Pb2+ under UV light illumination. Moreover, the reaction between CH3NH3Br and PbBr2 could transform Pb2+ into CH3NH3PbBr3, and therefore, CH3NH3Br may also be used to extract Pb2+ from liquid waste in recycling applications.

Formamidinium iodide for instantaneous and fluorescent detection of Pb2+ in water

“…The limit of detection (LOD) and linear detection range (LDR) of various methods for sensing Pb 2+ are compared in Table S2 (ESI†). Based on the different methods including electrochemical, colorimetric, fluorescence, and HEMT, the FAPbI 3 perovskite-based sensor developed in this work showed a better LOD and LDR than the previous reports on CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 perovskite, 96 Delonix regia leaf-derived CQDs, 97 Ga 2 O 3 NPs, 98 and a TiO 2 @Gum Arabic-Carbon Paste Electrode. 99 Besides, the FAPbI 3 perovskite-based sensor exhibited a higher LOD than some of the previous reports on AlGaN/GaN HEMT, 100 1T and 2H heterophase MoS 2 , 101 and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs).…”

“…Yan et al developed a simple fluorescent sensor for detecting Pb 2+ utilizing the photoluminescence (PL) properties of the lead halide perovskite CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 (MAPbBr 3 ). 61 Although the resulting sensor showed a sensitive and selective response toward Pb 2+ , the obtained detection limit of 1.6 mM was very high and far away from the guideline value of Pb 2+ in drinking water recommended by the WHO.…”

“…3(a) and (b). 79,84 The relative agglomeration of FAPbI 3 perovskite indicates that the amount of perovskite formed increases with increasing the concentration of Pb 2+ . This phenomenon is well supported by the XRD results.…”

It is an All‐Rounder! On the Development of Metal Halide Perovskite‐Based Fluorescent Sensors and Radiation Detectors

“…The LOD was 3.5 × 10 −9 m with linear range from 1 × 10 −8 to 1 × 10 −2 m. The sensing mechanism was based on the chemodosimeter based mechanism. [53] Yan et al [66] adopted an interesting approach to detect Pb 2+ ions in a solution. The CH 3 NH 3 + ions solution in DMF was treated with various metal ions and Pb 2+ ions change the solution color under UV lamp as observed with naked eyes.…”

Review on Sensing Applications of Perovskite Nanomaterials

“…Moreover, they can be synthesized from zero to three dimensional nanostructures and consumed in many sustainable applications [18][19][20]. Among these applications, sensory utilities using perovskite nanomaterials to attain the signals to specific analyte in solid or solution states have attracted most attention [21,22].…”