Chain formation can enhance the vertical migration of phytoplankton through turbulence

Lovecchio, Salvatore; Climent, Éric; Stocker, Roman; Durham, William M.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw7879

Cited by 42 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Information on resource traits is scarce in the literature for most phytoplankton species (Litchman and Klausmeier, 2008;Breton et al, 2017). Consequently, an a posteriori approach Grover, 1989;Karp-Boss et al, 1996;Leynaert et al, 2004;Takabayashi et al, 2006;Musielak et al, 2009;Lovecchio et al, 2019 Coloniality Ordinal (R and D) 0: No, 1: <5 cells, 2:[5-20], 3:[20, 100], 4:>100…”

Section: Phytoplankton and Copepod Species Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Competitive ability under nutrient limitation Grover, 1989;Karp-Boss et al, 1996;Takabayashi et al, 2006;Musielak et al, 2009;Bjaerke et al, 2015;Lovecchio et al, 2019 to defining resource use and requirement traits was used. For each species, biovolume (V, µm 3 ), maximum linear dimension (MLD, µm), and the surface to biovolume cell ratio (S/V ratio) were calculated from the median values of a series of microscopic measures over the entire 1996-2019 diatom datasets acquired at Station "C" (Breton unpublished data).…”

Section: Phytoplankton and Copepod Species Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Variations in the Biodiversity, Ecological Strategy, and Specialization of Diatoms and Copepods in a Coastal System With Phaeocystis Blooms: The Key Role of Trait Trade-Offs

et al. 2021

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Although eutrophication induced by anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is a driver of shifts in community composition and eventually a threat to marine biodiversity, the causes and consequences on ecosystem functioning remain greatly unknown. In this study, by applying a trait-based approach and measuring niche breadth of diatoms and copepods, the drivers and underlying mechanisms of the seasonal species succession of these ecological communities in a coastal system dominated in spring by Phaeocystis blooms were explored. It is suggested that the seasonal succession of diatoms and copepods is the result of several trade-offs among functional traits that are controlled by the seasonal abiotic and biotic pressure encountered by the plankton communities. The results of this study highlight that a trade-off between competition and predator, i.e., weak competitors are better protected against predation, plays an important role in promoting plankton species richness and triggers the Phaeocystis bloom. As often observed in eutrophicated ecosystems, only the biotic homogenization of the copepod community and the shift in the diet of copepods toward Phaeocystis detrital materials have been detected during the Phaeocystis bloom. The diatom and copepod communities respond synchronously to fluctuating resources and biotic conditions by successively selecting species with specific traits. This study confirms the key role of competition and predation in controlling annual plankton succession.

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Section: Phytoplankton and Copepod Species Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phytoplankton and Copepod Species Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations in the Biodiversity, Ecological Strategy, and Specialization of Diatoms and Copepods in a Coastal System With Phaeocystis Blooms: The Key Role of Trait Trade-Offs

et al. 2021

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“…Chain length is, however, a plastic trait. Long chains can be shortened by physical stress from, for example, intense turbulence (Lovecchio et al., 2019 ) or as a response to nutrient limitation (Pahlow et al., 1997 ; Takabayashi et al., 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predatory cues drive colony size reduction in marine diatoms

Rigby

Selander

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Certain cells can counteract rotation by actively varying the distribution of mass inside the cell or passively using morphological structures such as with protuberances and spines, or certain body shapes. Others are able to form chains and aggregations increasing even further their vertical displacements (Lovecchio et al, 2019). The evolutive solutions to this problem have resulted in a remarkable diversity of phytoplankton morphologies.…”

Section: Phytoplankton Orientation In the Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton Orientation in a Turbulent Ocean: A Microscale Perspective

2020

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Phytoplankton are by definition autotrophic microorganisms that passively drift with fluid motion. Accordingly, the traditional view of a turbulence-homogenized phytoplankton distribution in the ocean, where cells randomly organize and interact, is deeply rooted in biological oceanography studies. However, increasing understanding of microscopic processes in the ocean is revealing a world of microscale patterns resulting from cell behaviors and fluid-cell interactions that challenges this vision. Autotrophic cells have developed active (i.e., flagella) and passive (i.e., morphological structures and vesicles) motility mechanisms that allow them different degrees of spatial control. Their complex interaction with the ocean physicochemical landscape commonly results in small-scale spatial heterogeneities and non-isotropic orientations that can strongly influence ecosystem level processes. Cell orientation, in particular, is fundamental for key biological functions such as sensing, metabolism, locomotion, chain formation, or sexual reproduction. Moreover, preferential alignment of elongated cells can modulate the propagation of light through the ocean and is fundamental for accurate interpretation of remote sensing data. Innovative observational and experimental techniques (e.g., in situ holography, laser diffractometry, etc.) allowing the subtle analysis of cell-fluid interactions are revealing that, at the microscopic level, organisms present well defined orientation and interaction patterns under prevalent conditions in the sea. Thus, the interplay of biology, fluid dynamics, and optics may shape, by means of anisotropic cell distributions, pivotal cross-scale aspects of phytoplankton ecology.

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Chain formation can enhance the vertical migration of phytoplankton through turbulence

Abstract: The elongated shape of multicellular phytoplankton chains helps them migrate through turbulence.

Cited by 42 publications

References 43 publications

Seasonal Variations in the Biodiversity, Ecological Strategy, and Specialization of Diatoms and Copepods in a Coastal System With Phaeocystis Blooms: The Key Role of Trait Trade-Offs

Seasonal Variations in the Biodiversity, Ecological Strategy, and Specialization of Diatoms and Copepods in a Coastal System With Phaeocystis Blooms: The Key Role of Trait Trade-Offs

Predatory cues drive colony size reduction in marine diatoms

Phytoplankton Orientation in a Turbulent Ocean: A Microscale Perspective

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