Chalk micropalaeontology and the provenancing of middle pleistocene lowestoft formation till in eastern England

Fish, Paul R.; Whiteman, Colin A.

doi:10.1002/esp.237

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Based on the lithological evidence presented, it is considered that the ice sheet which deposited the Happisburgh and Corton Tills owed southwards into north Norfolk from central and eastern Scotland, eroding and transporting materials from Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic outcrops in this region, northern and eastern England and the adjacent margins of the North Sea Basin. This ice-ow path is similar to that suggested for the British ice sheet during other Middle and Late Quaternary glaciations (Boulton et al 1977Bowen et al 1986;Fish & Whiteman 2001). Boulton et al (1991) outlined two models to account for such an ice-ow path during the Late Weichselian:…”

Section: Provenance Of Clast Lithologies and Palynomorphssupporting

confidence: 76%

Testing the case for a Middle Pleistocene Scandinavian glaciation in Eastern England: evidence for a Scottish ice source for tills within the Corton Formation of East Anglia, UK

Lee¹,

Rose²,

Riding³

et al. 2002

Boreas

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2002 (December): Testing the case for a Middle Pleistocene Scandinavian glaciatio n in Eastern England: evidence for a Scottish ice source for tills within the Corton Formation of East Anglia, UK. Boreas, Vol. 31, pp. 345-355. Oslo. ISSN 0300-9483 .The provenanc e of the Happisburgh Till and Corton Till of the Corton Formation is investigate d using erratic clast lithologie s and allochthonou s palynomorph s to test whether the long held assumption that they were deposited by ice that originate d in Scandinavi a is valid. The results show a wide range of lithologies including Carboniferou s Limestone and Coal Measures, and Permian Magnesian Limestone that are not found in Scandinavia, and an absence of distinctiv e Scandinavian material such as rhomb porphyry and larvikite . Lithologies found indicate depositio n by an ice sheet which owed southwards into north-eas t East Anglia from central and southern Scotland eroding and transportin g materials derived from outcrops in these areas and from eastern England and the western margins of the southern North Sea Basin. It is conclude d that the long held assumption that the Happisburg h Till and Corton Till of the Corton Formation were deposite d by a Scandinavian ice sheet is erroneou s and that they were instead deposited by Scottish ice.

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Section: Provenance Of Clast Lithologies and Palynomorphssupporting

confidence: 76%

Testing the case for a Middle Pleistocene Scandinavian glaciation in Eastern England: evidence for a Scottish ice source for tills within the Corton Formation of East Anglia, UK

Lee¹,

Rose²,

Riding³

et al. 2002

Boreas

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“…The relationship between the geochemistry of the soils developed on glacial deposits, with that developed on bedrock indicates a lower till with a NW–SE to W–E flow path, and an upper unit with a NE–SW and N–S and NW–SE piedmont lobe passing through the Wash and Fen Basin (Scheib et al ., 2011, fig. 9) in accordance with the findings of West and Donner (1956), Rose (1992), Fish and Whiteman (2001) and Hamblin et al . (2005).…”

Section: The Glacial History Of Midland Englandsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, although these findings indicate that the upper till reached a limit along the western part of the Chalk escarpment (roughly similar to Fig. 3C,F; West, 1977; Hamblin et al ., 2005), they do not support the contention that the upper till extended to the glacial limits within the region, and they do not identify two till sources in East Anglia, east of the Chalk outcrop, except within the northern area (West and Donner, 1956; Rose, 1992; Fish and Whiteman, 2001; Scheib et al ., 2011, fig. 9).…”

Section: The Glacial History Of Midland Englandmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In an attempt to resolve this problem, Fish and Whiteman (2001) used Chalk micropalaeontology to correlate tills with the outcrop of particular Cretaceous Stages in east Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Cambridgeshire and Suffolk. Nine sample points are relevant, and the till lithologies (all of which are ascribed to the Lowestoft Formation) are defined as lower dark facies and upper light facies.…”

Section: Differentiation Of the Bozeat Till And Oadby Till In The Region Overlying And To The East Of Chalk Outcropmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic and soil material between tills in east‐midland England – direct evidence for two episodes of lowland glaciation in Britain during the Middle Pleistocene

Rose

Turner

Turton

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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This paper provides a record and analysis of a site in east‐midland England, at which organic and soil material are found between two Middle Pleistocene tills. This is the first discovery of its kind in the area, and demonstrates unequivocally that the region was glaciated on two separate occasions, something that has long been inferred and articulated, but not actually demonstrated. The landforms, sediments and soils are studied with respect to their geomorphological, lithological, pedological, palaeobotanical and structural properties. The organic and soil material along with soil structures indicate, sequentially, a periglacial climate, a long period of warm temperate weathering and a cool temperate climate. Evaluation of this evidence in terms of existing published work identifies a number of problems with existing models and suggests that the most likely model for the glacial history of this part of midland England is an early Middle Pleistocene glaciation which is represented only by trace erratics, a Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 12 age glaciation which moved across the area from the NW and deposited a chalk‐free till, and an MIS 8 age glaciation that transported and deposited an upper chalky till from the NE. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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“…During the Anglian Glaciation (MIS 12) the landscape of East Anglia was extensively modified by ice with widespread lowering of the Chalk escarpment (Clayton, 2000) and excavation of the Wash (e.g. Fish and Whiteman, 2001;Gibbard et al, 2012). At this time chalk-rich tills were deposited across much of central East Anglia (e.g.…”

Section: The Geological and Climatic Setting Of Central East Angliamentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of periglacial patterned ground in East Anglia, UK

et al. 2014

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During the Late Pleistocene, East Anglia experienced multiple cycles of periglacial activity. This research investigates whether chalkland patterned ground infilled with coversand developed during one or more glacial cycles or only during the last period of intensive periglacial activity to affect lowland Britain. Single grain luminescence ages from polygons and stripes at six sites in East Anglia suggest that the patterns experienced multiple phases of activity during the last 90-10 ka but do not date back to earlier glacial cycles. This activity is attributed to four main phases: (1) ~55-60 ka, (2) ~31-35 ka, (3) ~20-22 ka and (4) ~11-12 ka. Most sites show some activity around the Greenland Stadial 2a and the Younger Dryas Stadial, but polygons show a longer, more temporally and spatially varied record than stripes. Interpreted phases of activity mostly coincide with stadials within the last glacial-interglacial cycle, possibly at the end of climatic cold phases.Key words polygon, stripes, OSL, chalkland, coversand 2 2 IntroductionThe utility of relict periglacial landforms in understanding palaeoenvironments has often been hampered by age uncertainties and the potential for near-surface features to be a palimpsest formed by multiple phases of activity (e.g. Paris basin, Thiry et al. 2013). Despite the complex glaciological history, the East Anglia region of the UK (Figure 1) contains abundant near-surface relict periglacial landforms and aeolian coversands (Figures 2 and 3; e.g. West 1963West , 2007West , 2009Rose et al. 1985;Rothera, 2000;Scheib and Lee 2010). Rose et al. (1985) hypothesised that they formed during stadials in the Devensian (equivalent to the continental Weichselian; Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5d-MIS 2), particularly the final phase of periglacial activity to affect lowland Britain, during the Younger Dryas Stadial (equivalent to the Greenland Stadial 2 (GS1); ~12.9-11.55 ka, cf. Lowe et al. 2008). West and Williams (2012), in contrast, attributed initiation of patterned ground to earlier glacial periods. Murton and Kolstrup (2003) also suggested that some Pleistocene cryogenic wedge structures in NW Europe are poly-cyclic.This study aims to test if chalkland patterned ground infilled with coversand developed during one or more cycles of periglacial activity. Single-grain Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating and detailed statistical analysis of the resultant OSL replicate data are used to establish the timing of sand deposition and/or reworking in order to determine the number of cycles of activity, their relative intensity and palaeoenvironmental significance in North Western Europe.[ Figure 1 here] The Geological and Climatic Setting of Central East AngliaEast Anglia possesses a generally low-lying relief with the strata of the Upper Cretaceous limestones (Chalk Group; British Geological Survey, 2010; Figure 3a) forming a distinctive escarpment that extends from the eastern margins of the Wash in northwest Norfolk, south-westwards through Norfolk and Suffolk and into Cam...

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Chalk micropalaeontology and the provenancing of middle pleistocene lowestoft formation till in eastern England

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Testing the case for a Middle Pleistocene Scandinavian glaciation in Eastern England: evidence for a Scottish ice source for tills within the Corton Formation of East Anglia, UK

Testing the case for a Middle Pleistocene Scandinavian glaciation in Eastern England: evidence for a Scottish ice source for tills within the Corton Formation of East Anglia, UK

Organic and soil material between tills in east‐midland England – direct evidence for two episodes of lowland glaciation in Britain during the Middle Pleistocene

The evolution of periglacial patterned ground in East Anglia, UK

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